| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Other, Stable Gear Used to make saddles. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Lakota Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used to make mats. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 26 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Lakota Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 26 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Menominee Fiber, Building Material Bleached, dried rushes sewn with basswood string used for covering & side walls of medicine lodges. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Menominee Fiber, Building Material Bleached, sun dried rushes sewn with basswood string used for covering and side walls of wigwams. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Menominee Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Bleached, sun dried rushes used to weave mats. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Meskwaki Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Long, bleached and dyed rushes used to make mats. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 268 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Rushes used for the best mats. The bleached rushes were immersed in water for a few days and then cleansed. They selected long rushes, with small diameters, so that the pith content was small. When the mat was in service, such fibers were not readily crushed. The rush, when gathered, is an intense green, white only at the base where it stands in water. All rushes were first bleached pure white, and afterwards colored as desired. They were pulled, rather than cut, in order to obtain the maximum length. When thoroughly bleached and dried, they dyed them with white men's dyes. Formerly they used native dyes, which they really preferred. The bleached rushes predominated in any rug, and were ivory-white in color. The finished rug or mat was three feet wide and from four to eight feet long, and sold for from $8 to $30 in 1923. The edge was bound securely with nettle fiber cord. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Omaha Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used to weave into matting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Pawnee Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used to weave into matting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Ponca Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used to weave into matting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Potawatomi Drug, Love Medicine Flowers used by women as a love medicine. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Potawatomi Fiber, Basketry Entire, dyed stem used to make baskets. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Potawatomi Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Entire, dyed stem used to make mats. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Ute Food, Unspecified Lower, tender portions of the plant used for food. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36 |
| Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Woolgrass USDA SCCY |
Ojibwa Fiber, Basketry Small rushes formerly used for woven storage bags. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Woolgrass USDA SCCY |
Ojibwa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Small rushes used for a certain kind of mat. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Woolgrass USDA SCCY |
Potawatomi Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Fruiting tops used as a resilient material for stuffing and making pillows. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Makah Fiber, Basketry Leaves used for the bottom portion of baskets. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 332 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Malecite Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of pounded roots used for abscesses. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 247 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Malecite Drug, Throat Aid Infusion of plants and blue flag used as a gargle for sore throats. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Micmac Drug, Dermatological Aid Roots used for abscesses. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Micmac Drug, Throat Aid Herbs used for sore throats. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Okanagan-Colville Fiber, Basketry Used to make berry picking and root digging baskets. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Containers Used over and under food in steaming pits. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Decorations Used to make fringe for buckskin dresses. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37 |
| Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl Panicled Bulrush USDA SCMI2 |
Thompson Other, Tools Grass formerly used to cut a newborn baby's umbilical cord. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 116 |
| Scirpus nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Bulrush USDA SCNE |
Cheyenne Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 8 |
| Scirpus nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Bulrush USDA SCNE |
Cheyenne Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems woven into mats and used like blankets on wooden mattresses. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 170 |
| Scirpus nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Bulrush USDA SCNE |
Cheyenne Food, Unspecified Peeled roots eaten raw. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 170 |
| Scirpus pallidus (Britt.) Fern. Cloaked Bulrush USDA SCPA8 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 19 |
| Scirpus pallidus (Britt.) Fern. Cloaked Bulrush USDA SCPA8 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Emetic Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 19 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Fiber, Building Material Stalks used for roofing. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stalks used for bedding, mats and weaving materials. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Food, Bread & Cake Pollen used to make cakes. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Food, Staple Roots ground into flour. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Food, Staple Seeds eaten raw or ground into mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Other, Ceremonial Items Plant used to make ceremonial bundles and images for image burning ceremony. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Cahuilla Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Plant areas used by nesting water fowl and used as indicator by hunters of game. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan Fiber, Basketry Roots used in basketry. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan Fiber, Building Material Stems used as thatch. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan Fiber, Canoe Material Stems bundled and made into rafts. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw or ground into flour and cooked. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan Other, Smoking Tools Hollow stems made into pipes. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Costanoan (Olhonean) Fiber, Building Material Plant used to make houses. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 373 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Havasupai Other, Toys & Games Plant braided by children to make a whip. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 211 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Houma Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of plant used as a wash for weak legs. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Houma Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of plant given to nervous, fretful, crying children. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Houma Drug, Sedative Decoction of plant given to nervous, fretful, crying children. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
| Scirpus sp. Bulrush |
Houma Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plants dried and used to make brooms. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |