| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Drug, Tonic Infusion taken as a tonic for boils. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Drug, Toothache Remedy Roots used for toothache. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Food, Fruit Fresh fruit used for food. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Food, Pie & Pudding Fruit used to make pies. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Food, Preserves Fruit used to make jelly. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Cherokee Food, Winter Use Food Fruit canned for future use. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic Compound decoction of root taken for back pain. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Chippewa Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of roots used as a wash for sore eyes. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 133 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Chippewa Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction of root taken for 'female weakness.' Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Chippewa Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 133 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Chippewa Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 133 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Dakota Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Dakota Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Dakota Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound decoction of roots taken for diarrhea with blood. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Cathartic Leaves used as a physic. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Leaves used as an emetic. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Liver Aid Leaves used for removing bile. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of roots, stalks and leaves given to children with whooping cough. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of roots, stalks and leaves given to children with whooping cough. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Venereal Aid Compound decoction of roots taken for gonorrhea. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Decoction taken by a hunter and his wife to prevent her from fooling around. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 356 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in bread. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Dried Food Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Fruit Dried fruit taken as a hunting food. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Pie & Pudding Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in pudding. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Porridge Berries dried, soaked in cold water, heated slowly and mixed with bread meal or hominy in winter. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Berries dried, soaked in cold water, heated slowly and used as a winter sauce. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Fruits dried, soaked in water and used as a sauce. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Iroquois Food, Soup Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in soups. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Lakota Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 57 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Menominee Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Root used with Hypericum sp. for consumption in the first stages. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 50 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Menominee Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh, not important as a fresh fruit. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Meskwaki Food, Beverage Root bark used to make tea. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Meskwaki Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Meskwaki Food, Winter Use Food Berries sun dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 264 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries used fresh. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa Food, Winter Use Food Berries used preserved. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of scraped root given to children for bowel trouble. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84, 85 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of scraped root given to children for bowel trouble. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84, 85 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Food, Beverage Leaves used to make a hot, aqueous, tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 329 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Omaha Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Pawnee Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |