| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Gosiute Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten in spring and early summer. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Hoh Food, Unspecified Bulbs pit baked and used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Karok Food, Unspecified Bulbs relished by only old men and old women. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Paiute Food, Sauce & Relish Leaves eaten as a relish. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted and used for food. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Onions eaten raw, boiled or baked in a pit. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 55 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Quileute Food, Unspecified Bulbs pit baked and used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Salish, Coast Food, Unspecified Strongly flavored bulbs eaten with other foods. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 74 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Salish, Coast Other, Insecticide Bulbs rubbed on the skin to repel insects. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 74 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Bulbs dug in the spring and used for food. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 117 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Thick coated, spherical bulbs eaten. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 482 |
| Allium acuminatum Hook. Tapertip Onion USDA ALAC4 |
Ute Food, Unspecified Bulbs and leaves used for food. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32 |
| Allium anceps Kellogg Twinleaf Onion USDA ALAN |
Paiute, Northern Food, Bread & Cake Bulbs cooked on hot rocks, squeezed into cakes and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
| Allium anceps Kellogg Twinleaf Onion USDA ALAN |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted in the sand and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten raw and cooked. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Gosiute Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten in spring and early summer. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Mahuna Drug, Dietary Aid Plant juice used as an appetite restorer. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 62 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Paiute Food, Sauce & Relish Leaves eaten as a relish. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted and used for food. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. Twincrest Onion USDA ALBIB |
Ute Food, Unspecified Bulbs and leaves used for food. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32 |
| Allium bisceptrum var. palmeri (S. Wats.) Cronq. Aspen Onion USDA ALBIP |
Havasupai Food, Starvation Food Bulbs eaten only when very hungry. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 211 |
| Allium bolanderi S. Wats. Bolander's Onion USDA ALBOB |
Karok Food, Unspecified Bulbs relished by only old men and old women. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Allium bolanderi S. Wats. Bolander's Onion USDA ALBOB |
Mendocino Indian Food, Unspecified Corms used for food. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 322 |
| Allium brevistylum S. Wats. Shortstyle Onion USDA ALBR2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of ground roots and stems applied and infusion used as a wash for carbuncles. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Carminative Used as a carminative. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic Used as a mild cathartic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Diuretic Used as a diuretic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Ear Medicine Used 'to remove deafness.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Expectorant Used as an expectorant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Used for 'dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Used for scurvy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Pediatric Aid Tincture used to prevent worms and colic in children and used as a croup remedy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Tincture used to prevent worms and colic in children and used as a croup remedy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Used for asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Drug, Stimulant Used as a stimulant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Boiled bulbs fried with grease and greens. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 46 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Iroquois Food, Vegetable Bulb, consisting of the fleshy bases of the leaves, eaten raw. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Iroquois Food, Vegetable Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Mahuna Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant rubbed on body for protection from insect bites. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 63 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Mahuna Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant rubbed on body for protection from lizard, scorpion and tarantula bites. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 63 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Mahuna Drug, Snake Bite Remedy Plant rubbed on body for protection from poisonous snakebites. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 63 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Menominee Food, Unspecified Small, wild onion used for food. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 69 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Meskwaki Food, Spice Dried bulb used for seasoning. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 262 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Meskwaki Food, Winter Use Food Dried bulb used for winter cookery. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 262 |
| Allium canadense L. Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAC |
Potawatomi Food, Soup Very strong flavor of this plant, a valuable wild food, used in soup. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 104 |
| Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAM |
Dakota Food, Sauce & Relish Fresh, raw bulbs used as a relish. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
| Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAM |
Dakota Food, Spice Bulbs used as a flavor for meat and soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |
| Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey Meadow Garlic USDA ALCAM |
Dakota Food, Unspecified Fried bulbs used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71 |