| Physalis lanceolata Michx. Lanceleaf Groundcherry USDA PHHI8 |
Winnebago Drug, Dermatological Aid Root used as a dressing for wounds. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113 |
| Physalis lanceolata Michx. Lanceleaf Groundcherry USDA PHHI8 |
Winnebago Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root used for stomach trouble and headache. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113 |
| Physalis lanceolata Michx. Lanceleaf Groundcherry USDA PHHI8 |
Winnebago Drug, Unspecified Root used in smoke treatment for unspecified ailments. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113 |
| Prunus americana Marsh. American Plum USDA PRAM |
Winnebago Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tough, elastic twigs bound into bundles and used as brooms for sweeping the floor. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
| Prunus americana Marsh. American Plum USDA PRAM |
Winnebago Food, Dried Food Highly valued fruit pitted and dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
| Prunus americana Marsh. American Plum USDA PRAM |
Winnebago Food, Fruit Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
| Prunus americana Marsh. American Plum USDA PRAM |
Winnebago Food, Sauce & Relish Highly valued fruit cooked as a sauce. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87 |
| Prunus virginiana var. virginiana Chokecherry USDA PRVIV |
Winnebago Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Fruit prepared in unspecified way and used in old-time ceremonies. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88, 89 |
| Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur Oak USDA QUMAM |
Winnebago Food, Unspecified Acorns leached with basswood ashes to remove the bitter taste and used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
| Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur Oak USDA QUMAM |
Winnebago Other, Toys & Games Young growths from this or another plant used to make popgun pistons. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Winnebago Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root bark given for bowel trouble, especially in children. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Winnebago Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of root bark given for bowel trouble, especially in children. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Winnebago Dye, Yellow Roots used to make a yellow dye. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Winnebago Other, Smoke Plant Dried, red leaves used for smoking. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Winnebago Other, Smoke Plant Red leaves dried and used for smoking. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99, 100 |
| Rhus sp. Sumac |
Winnebago Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound decoction of leaves taken as an antidiarrheal. Radin, Paul, 1923, The Winnebago Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #37, page 265 |
| Ribes americanum P. Mill. American Black Currant USDA RIAM2 |
Winnebago Drug, Gynecological Aid Root used by women for 'uterine trouble.' Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Ribes missouriense Nutt. Missouri Gooseberry USDA RIMI |
Winnebago Food, Fruit Berries used for food in season. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Broadleaf Arrowhead USDA SALA2 |
Winnebago Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 65 |
| Salix sp. |
Winnebago Fiber, Building Material Poles used to sustain the thatch of the earth lodges and to form the frame of the bath lodges. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 73 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Winnebago Dye, Red Root boiled with objects as a red dye. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 83 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Winnebago Dye, Unspecified Root used as a decorative skin stain. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 83 |
| Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. Silver Buffaloberry USDA SHAR |
Winnebago Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 106 |
| Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. Silver Buffaloberry USDA SHAR |
Winnebago Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh in season. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 106 |
| Silphium laciniatum L. Compassplant USDA SILAL2 |
Winnebago Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Dried root burned during storms to act as a charm against lightning. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium laciniatum L. Compassplant USDA SILAL2 |
Winnebago Food, Candy Gum from upper part of stem used as chewing gum by children. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Analgesic Root used in smoke treatment for neuralgia. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Root used in smoke treatment for rheumatism. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Decoction of root used as a ceremonial emetic. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Cold Remedy Root used in smoke treatment for headcold. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Emetic Decoction of root used as a ceremonial emetic. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Silphium perfoliatum L. Cup Plant USDA SIPEP |
Winnebago Drug, Herbal Steam Rootstock used in the vapor bath. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132 |
| Typha latifolia L. Broadleaf Cattail USDA TYLA |
Winnebago Drug, Burn Dressing Down used as a dressing for burns and scalds. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 64, 65 |
| Typha latifolia L. Broadleaf Cattail USDA TYLA |
Winnebago Drug, Dermatological Aid Down used on infants to prevent chafing. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 64, 65 |
| Typha latifolia L. Broadleaf Cattail USDA TYLA |
Winnebago Drug, Pediatric Aid Down used on infants to prevent chafing. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 64, 65 |
| Ulmus americana L. American Elm USDA ULAM |
Winnebago Other, Toys & Games Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Drug, Laxative Decoction of inner bark taken as a laxative. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Fiber, Building Material Forked trees used for the posts in building the earth lodge. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fiber used to make cords and ropes. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Other, Cooking Tools Log sections used to make corn mortars and pestles. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Other, Fuel Weathered bark used to catch the spark in firemaking. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Other, Fuel Wood used for fuel. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Other, Tools Wood used to make small mortars and pestles for grinding medicines and perfumes. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm USDA ULRU |
Winnebago Other, Toys & Games Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Winnebago Fiber, Clothing Dried stalk fiber used to make cloth. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Winnebago Fiber, Cordage Dried stalk fiber used to make twine and cordage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Winnebago Other, Ceremonial Items Dried stalk fiber made into cloth and used in the Sacred Bundle of the Tent of War. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Winnebago Other, Stable Gear Dried stalk fiber made into ropes and used to hobble horses. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. California Nettle USDA URDIG |
Winnebago Other, Toys & Games Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77 |
| Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry USDA VILE |
Winnebago Food, Fruit Fruit eaten from the hand, but not gathered in quantity. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |