| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Mewuk Fiber, Building Material Branches used to line acorn caches. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 346 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of fresh pitch applied to cuts. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Venereal Aid Compound decoction of resin taken for venereal disease. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Shoshoni Drug, Dermatological Aid Simple or compound poultice of warm pitch applied to sores or boils. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Shoshoni Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Washo Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Eye Medicine Compound of gum drawn on a hair across sore eyes. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for stomach trouble. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Throat Aid Compound of gum from bark blisters warmed and taken for sore throat. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for tuberculosis. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Unspecified Tree used as medicine. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of compound containing bark applied for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of compound containing bark applied to boils or ulcers. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Burn Dressing Gum used as an ointment on wounds, especially on burns. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Cathartic Decoction of bark taken as a purgative. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Dermatological Aid Gum used as an ointment on wounds, especially on burns. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Cathartic Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption and gonorrhea. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Gum or mashed cones applied to cuts and sores, especially gonorrheal sores. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Diuretic Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption and gonorrhea. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Laxative Juicy inner bark taken for constipation. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Other Gum or mashed cones taken for many serious ailments. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Venereal Aid Gum or mashed cones taken for gonorrhea and applied to gonorrheal sores. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Gitksan Drug, Venereal Aid Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for gonorrhea. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abies sp. Balsam Fir |
Sikani Drug, Dermatological Aid Gum applied to wounds. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51 |
| Abronia turbinata Torr. ex S. Wats. Transmontane Sand Verbena USDA ABTU |
Shoshoni Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of mashed leaves applied to swellings. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abronia villosa S. Wats. Desert Sand Verbena USDA ABVIV |
Shoshoni Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of mashed roots applied to burns. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Acer circinatum Pursh Vine Maple USDA ACCI |
Modesse Fiber, Snow Gear Branches used for the frames of snowshoes. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
| Acer rubrum var. drummondii (Hook. & Arn. ex Nutt.) Sarg. Drummond's Maple USDA ACRUD |
Koasati Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of bark taken and used as a wash for gun wounds. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39 |
| Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple USDA ACSAS |
Chippewa Other, Cash Crop Sap made into sugar and used as a commodity of intertribal commerce. Maple sugar was among the great staples in the domestic economy and was a commodity of intertribal commerce being traded to people of tribes in areas not possessing this tree. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |
| Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple USDA ACSAS |
Ojibwa Food, Sweetener Maple sugar used to season all kinds of meats, replaced now with salt. Smith describes in detail the process by which the Ojibwe make maple syrup. Although now (1932) they use iron kettles, originally the sap and storage vessels were 'made of birch bark, sewed with boiled basswood fiber or the core of the jack pine root.' The vessels are rendered waterproof by the application of pitch secured by boiling jack pine cones. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 394 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Bella Coola Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of chewed leaves applied to burns. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of entire plant, except roots, taken for colds. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed leaves applied to swellings. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Orthopedic Aid Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sprains. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Gitksan Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of young plant or root gargled for sore throat. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65 |
| Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow USDA ACMIM2 |
Salish Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of plants used for sore eyes. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 293 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Crushed green plant smelled for headaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Decoction of leaves taken for headaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root taken for gas pains. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to pains or sores. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Poultice of mashed leaves applied as a compress for headaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of plant taken as a blood tonic after childbirth. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy Root chewed for colds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |
| Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC. Western Yarrow USDA ACMIO |
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to sores. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33 |