| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Straight branches used for arrows. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 55 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Round Valley Indian Fiber, Basketry Slender twigs used to make coarse sieve baskets and vertical withes of saw grass baskets. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Round Valley Indian Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wands made into baskets and used as salmon traps. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Unspecified Nut meat eaten whole or pulverized before use. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Unspecified Nuts stored without removing the shells. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Shuswap Food, Unspecified Nuts used for food. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 60 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Skagit Food, Unspecified Nuts cracked with stones and eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Skagit, Upper Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten fresh. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 42 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Skagit, Upper Food, Winter Use Food Nuts stored for winter use. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 42 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Skokomish Fiber, Cordage Long twigs twisted and used as rope. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Snohomish Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Squaxin Food, Unspecified Nuts used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Swinomish Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Thompson Dye, Blue Roots used to make a bluish dye. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 501 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Thompson Other, Cash Crop Traded with the Coast Indians. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Tolowa Fiber, Basketry Dried shoots soaked in water and used to make baskets. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Tolowa Food, Dried Food Nuts dried and stored for winter use. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Tolowa Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten fresh. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Wintoon Fiber, Basketry Straight stems used for making baskets. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Yurok Fiber, Basketry Stems used in basketry. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp California Hazelnut USDA COCOC |
Yurok Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten fresh. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Fiber, Basketry Sticks used to make baskets. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Fiber, Basketry Young shoots used to make baby baskets and carrying baskets. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Fiber, Cordage Withes twisted to make rope. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Fiber, Snow Gear Wood used as the heavy part of the frame for snowshoes. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Food, Unspecified Nuts used for food. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Food, Winter Use Food Nuts stored for winter use. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Karok Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood made into poles and used on the fish trigger or set net. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Anthelmintic Hairs of husk used as a medicine to expel worms. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled bark applied to help close and heal cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten as a food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 242 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Potawatomi Drug, Dermatological Aid Inner bark used as an astringent. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 44 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Potawatomi Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bunch of twigs bound together and used as a broom. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Potawatomi Food, Winter Use Food Mature or 'in the milk' nut gathered and used as a favorite food during the winter. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 97 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Yuki Fiber, Basketry Used as basket material. Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Yuki Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten raw. Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87 |