| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Acoma Food, Fruit Ripe tunas eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Acoma Food, Porridge Tunas split, dried, ground and the meal mixed with corn meal to make a mush for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Cocopa Food, Fruit Fruits rolled on ground to remove spines and eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Keres, Western Food, Cooking Agent Tunas used as a red dye for corn mush. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Keres, Western Food, Fruit Fresh tunas used for food. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Keres, Western Food, Winter Use Food Ground, dried tunas mixed in equal proportions with corn meal and made into a mush for winter food. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Keres, Western Other, Paint Tunas used for red paint. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Keres, Western Other, Tools Thorns used for needles. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Laguna Food, Fruit Ripe tunas eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Laguna Food, Porridge Tunas split, dried, ground and the meal mixed with corn meal to make a mush for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Maricopa Food, Fruit Fruits rolled on ground to remove spines and eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Mohave Food, Fruit Fruits rolled on ground to remove spines and eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Papago Food, Beverage Fruits formerly fermented and used for a beverage. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 26 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Papago Food, Sauce & Relish Fruits used to make syrup. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Papago Food, Staple Fruits and joints used as a staple food. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 60 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Papago Food, Vegetable Leaves with thorns scraped off sliced in strips and eaten as greens in summer. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Pima Drug, Gynecological Aid Poultice of heated plant applied to breasts to encourage the flow of milk. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 60 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Pima Food, Fruit Fruits freed from thorns, peeled and eaten. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Pima Food, Unspecified Tender leaves sliced, cooked, seasoned like string beans and used for food. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 60 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Pima, Gila River Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
San Felipe Food, Fruit Ripe tunas eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
San Felipe Food, Porridge Seeds ground with white corn and meal eaten as mush. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
San Felipe Food, Porridge Tunas split, dried, ground and the meal mixed with corn meal to make a mush for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Cahuilla Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Cahuilla Food, Staple Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Diced joints used for food. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Diegueno Food, Fruit Fruit eaten raw. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 27 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Diegueno Food, Vegetable Pads boiled like cabbage or string beans with tomatoes, onions and peppers, like a stew. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 27 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus Apple USDA OPENE |
Diegueno Other, Lubricant Pad juice used to lubricate oxcart wheels. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 27 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) Parfitt & Pinkava Texas Pricklypear USDA OPENL |
Keresan Food, Unspecified Plant, with thorns burned off, roasted in damp sand and eaten with chili. White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 560 |
| Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) Parfitt & Pinkava Texas Pricklypear USDA OPENL |
Sia Food, Unspecified Roasted in damp sand and eaten with chili. White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE Bulletin #, page 107 |