| Opuntia polyacantha var. rufispina (Engelm. & Bigelow ex Engelm.) L. Benson Hairspine Pricklypear USDA OPPOR |
Gosiute Food, Unspecified Joints roasted in hot coals and eaten. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 375 |
| Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. Branched Pencil Cholla USDA OPRA |
Cahuilla Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for later use. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. Branched Pencil Cholla USDA OPRA |
Cahuilla Food, Dried Food Stalks, with thorns removed, dried for future use. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. Branched Pencil Cholla USDA OPRA |
Cahuilla Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. Branched Pencil Cholla USDA OPRA |
Cahuilla Food, Soup Stalks, with thorns removed, boiled into a soup. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97 |
| Opuntia ramosissima Engelm. Branched Pencil Cholla USDA OPRA |
Cahuilla Food, Staple Berries and stems were an important and dependable food source. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 49 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Drug, Dermatological Aid Stems scorched, split and used for infections and cuts. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Drug, Disinfectant Stems scorched, split and used for infections and cuts. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Drug, Eye Medicine Needles used for scraping infected eyelids and tattoos. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Drug, Eye Medicine Needles used for scraping infected eyelids. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Food, Dried Food Unpeeled fruits split, covered with juice, sun dried and stored for future food use. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Mescalero Food, Fruit Tunas eaten fresh. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, San Carlos Food, Porridge Seeds parched, ground, boiled and eaten as mush. Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, San Carlos Food, Staple Seeds parched, ground and flour eaten with drafts of water. Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Drug, Antidiarrheal Liquid extract of boiled roots used for thin and frequent bowel movements. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of peeled stalks applied to burns. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Drug, Laxative Boiled roots used as laxative for babies and small children. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Drug, Pediatric Aid Boiled roots used as laxative for babies and small children. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Food, Porridge Seeds roasted, mixed with corn and meal moistened with water and salt before eating. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Apache, Western Food, Soup Fruit pit baked, dried and boiled with fat or in soups. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Comanche Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Costanoan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of warm fruit applied and warm fruit juice rubbed on for rheumatism. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 10 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Costanoan Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 251 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Havasupai Other, Containers Juice used to mix with pottery clay. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 234 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Stems, with spines removed, boiled and eaten. Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 17 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Drug, Burn Dressing Inner pad juice applied to burns. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Drug, Dermatological Aid Inner pad juice applied to cuts. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Food, Beverage Fruit made into a drink. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for future use. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Food, Dried Food Fruits sun dried and used for food. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 10 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Hualapai Food, Fruit Fruits pit baked and eaten. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 10 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Isleta Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Isleta Food, Preserves Fruit eaten as conserves. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Jemez Drug, Dermatological Aid Hot poultice of baked pear skin applied to boils, probably to remove the swelling and pain. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Jemez Food, Fruit Pears used for food. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Drug, Dermatological Aid Thorns used to puncture the skin for boils. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Drug, Hemostat Poultice of peeled stems applied as a hemostat. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Food, Candy Ripe fruits gathered in large quantities and employed in making candy. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Food, Fruit Ripe fruits gathered in large quantities and used fresh in jams. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Food, Preserves Ripe fruits gathered in large quantities and used fresh in jams. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Sharp thorns used as points for small arrows to kill birds. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Kiowa Other, Protection Cut stem secretion applied to buckskin moccasins as a varnish. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Lakota Drug, Abortifacient Roots and soapweed roots used as 'medicine for not give birth.' Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 42 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Lakota Drug, Diuretic Decoction of roots taken for urinary problems. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 42 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Lakota Drug, Gynecological Aid Roots and soapweed roots used by mothers when they cannot give birth. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 42 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Luiseno Food, Dried Food Fruit eaten dried. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 230 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Luiseno Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 230 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Luiseno Food, Staple Seeds ground into a meal. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 230 |
| Opuntia sp. Prickly Pear |
Lummi Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of smashed plants taken to facilitate childbirth. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |