BRIT - Native American Ethnobotany Database

Heracleum maximum Bartr.

Common names: Common Cowparsnip
Species details (USDA): USDA HEMA80

Documented uses

189 uses documented
Alaska Native Food, Unspecified detail... (Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, pages 133)
Aleut Drug, Cold Remedy detail... (Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, pages 427)
Aleut Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, pages 425)
Aleut Drug, Orthopedic Aid detail... (Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, pages 425)
Aleut Drug, Throat Aid detail... (Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands II. Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, pages 427)
Anticosti Food, Forage detail... (Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, pages 67)
Bella Coola Drug, Analgesic detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Bella Coola Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Bella Coola Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, pages 201)
Bella Coola Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Bella Coola Drug, Orthopedic Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Bella Coola Drug, Pulmonary Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Bella Coola Food, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, pages 201)
Blackfoot Drug, Antidiarrheal detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 67)
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 76)
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, pages 48)
Blackfoot Food, Soup detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 103)
Blackfoot Food, Unspecified detail... (McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, pages 277)
Blackfoot Food, Vegetable detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 103)
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items detail... (Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, pages 50)
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items detail... (McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, pages 277)
Blackfoot Other, Cooking Tools detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 113)
Blackfoot Other, Musical Instrument detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 113)
Blackfoot Other, Toys & Games detail... (Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 113)
California Indian Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) detail... (Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, pages 13)
California Indian Food, Vegetable detail... (Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, pages 13)
Carrier Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, pages 82)
Carrier Food, Unspecified detail... (Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, pages 82)
Carrier, Northern Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Carrier, Southern Other, Insecticide detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Cheyenne Other, Musical Instrument detail... (Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, pages 40)
Chippewa Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, pages 350)
Chippewa Drug, Throat Aid detail... (Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, pages 342)
Coeur d'Alene Food, Unspecified detail... (Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, pages 91)
Costanoan Food, Unspecified detail... (Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, pages 251)
Cree Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, pages 492)
Cree Drug, Poison detail... (Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, pages 491)
Cree Drug, Toothache Remedy detail... (Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, pages 491)
Cree Drug, Venereal Aid detail... (Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, pages 494)
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Analgesic detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Analgesic detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified detail... (Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, pages 40)
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, pages 25)
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Gitksan Drug, Witchcraft Medicine detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, pages 25)
Gitksan Food, Unspecified detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, pages 25)
Gitksan Food, Unspecified detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, pages 154)
Haisla Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 214)
Haisla Food, Unspecified detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, pages 154)
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Unspecified detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 214)
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Toys & Games detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 214)
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Toys & Games detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 214)
Hesquiat Food, Forage detail... (Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 60)
Hesquiat Food, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 60)
Hoh Food, Vegetable detail... (Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, pages 66)
Iroquois Drug, Analgesic detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Diaphoretic detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Hunting Medicine detail... (Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, pages 400)
Iroquois Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, pages 56)
Karok Drug, Poison detail... (Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, pages 387)
Karok Dye, Yellow detail... (Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, pages 387)
Karok Food, Unspecified detail... (Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, pages 387)
Kitasoo Food, Vegetable detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 326)
Klamath Drug, Unspecified detail... (Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, pages 102)
Klamath Food, Unspecified detail... (Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, pages 102)
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, pages 276)
Kwakiutl Drug, Gynecological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, pages 276)
Kwakiutl Drug, Pediatric Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, pages 276)
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, pages 276)
Makah Drug, Eye Medicine detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Drug, Tonic detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Drug, Unspecified detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Fiber, Basketry detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Makah Food, Unspecified detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Food, Unspecified detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Food, Unspecified detail... (Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, pages 293)
Makah Food, Unspecified detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Makah Food, Unspecified detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Malecite Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, pages 256)
Malecite Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, pages 256)
Mendocino Indian Food, Vegetable detail... (Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., pages 373)
Menominee Drug, Hunting Medicine detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, pages 81)
Menominee Drug, Witchcraft Medicine detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, pages 55)
Menominee Other, Protection detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, pages 81)
Meskwaki Drug, Analgesic detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, pages 249)
Meskwaki Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, pages 249)
Meskwaki Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, pages 249)
Meskwaki Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, pages 249)
Meskwaki Food, Vegetable detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, pages 265)
Mewuk Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, pages 366)
Mewuk Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, pages 366)
Mewuk Food, Unspecified detail... (Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, pages 366)
Micmac Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy detail... (Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, pages 57)
Montana Indian Food, Vegetable detail... (Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, pages 13)
Nitinaht Food, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 91)
Nitinaht Other, Toys & Games detail... (Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 91)
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, pages 390)
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, pages 432)
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, pages 432)
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable detail... (Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, pages 237)
Ojibwa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item detail... (Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, pages 432)
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 62)
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 62)
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Orthopedic Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 62)
Okanagan-Colville Food, Vegetable detail... (Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, pages 62)
Okanagon Drug, Cathartic detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 40)
Okanagon Drug, Tonic detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 40)
Okanagon Food, Staple detail... (Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, pages 239)
Okanagon Food, Unspecified detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 38)
Omaha Drug, Analgesic detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Omaha Drug, Cathartic detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Omaha Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Omaha Other, Ceremonial Items detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Oweekeno Food, Unspecified detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 84)
Paiute Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy detail... (Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, pages 197)
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, pages 196)
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Paiute, Northern Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, pages 130)
Pawnee Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Pomo Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, pages 14)
Pomo Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, pages 14)
Pomo Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, pages 14)
Pomo Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, pages 14)
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, pages 87)
Pomo, Kashaya Food, Unspecified detail... (Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, pages 87)
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Containers detail... (Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, pages 87)
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Toys & Games detail... (Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, pages 87)
Quileute Fiber, Basketry detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Quileute Food, Unspecified detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Quileute Food, Vegetable detail... (Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, pages 66)
Quinault Drug, Analgesic detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Quinault Drug, Orthopedic Aid detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Quinault Food, Unspecified detail... (Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, pages 42)
Salish, Coast Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, pages 89)
Salish, Coast Food, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, pages 89)
Sanpoil Drug, Analgesic detail... (Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, pages 220)
Sanpoil Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, pages 220)
Sanpoil Drug, Eye Medicine detail... (Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, pages 220)
Shoshoni Drug, Cold Remedy detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Shoshoni Drug, Cough Medicine detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Shoshoni Drug, Throat Aid detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Shoshoni Drug, Toothache Remedy detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Shoshoni Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Shuswap Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, pages 56)
Shuswap Drug, Internal Medicine detail... (Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, pages 56)
Shuswap Drug, Urinary Aid detail... (Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, pages 56)
Shuswap Food, Unspecified detail... (Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, pages 56)
Shuswap Other, Containers detail... (Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, pages 56)
Sikani Drug, Analgesic detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Sikani Drug, Antirheumatic (External) detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Sikani Drug, Dermatological Aid detail... (Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, pages 61)
Spokan Food, Unspecified detail... (Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, pages 344)
Tanaina Drug, Unspecified detail... (Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, pages 329)
Thompson Drug, Cathartic detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 457)
Thompson Drug, Cathartic detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 40)
Thompson Drug, Cathartic detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 504)
Thompson Drug, Ceremonial Medicine detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 457)
Thompson Drug, Disinfectant detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 457)
Thompson Drug, Disinfectant detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 504)
Thompson Drug, Tonic detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 457)
Thompson Drug, Tonic detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 40)
Thompson Drug, Unspecified detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Thompson Drug, Venereal Aid detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 457)
Thompson Food, Dried Food detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Thompson Food, Forage detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 482)
Thompson Food, Frozen Food detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Thompson Food, Unspecified detail... (Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., pages 38)
Thompson Food, Unspecified detail... (Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, pages 482)
Thompson Food, Vegetable detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Thompson Food, Vegetable detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Thompson Food, Winter Use Food detail... (Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, pages 152)
Tolowa Food, Unspecified detail... (Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, pages 32)
Tsimshian Other, Hunting & Fishing Item detail... (Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, pages 326)
Washo Drug, Antidiarrheal detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Washo Drug, Toothache Remedy detail... (Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, pages 85, 86)
Wet'suwet'en Food, Unspecified detail... (Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, pages 154)
Winnebago Drug, Anticonvulsive detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Winnebago Drug, Stimulant detail... (Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, pages 107)
Yuki Food, Unspecified detail... (Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, pages 87)
Yurok Food, Unspecified detail... (Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, pages 32)