| Calochortus catalinae S. Wats. Santa Catalina Mariposa Lily USDA CACA5 |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted in hot ash pits or steamed prior to eating. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 50 |
| Calochortus concolor (Baker) Purdy Goldenbowl Mariposa Lily USDA CACO4 |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted in hot ash pits or steamed prior to eating. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 50 |
| Calochortus flexuosus S. Wats. Winding Mariposa Lily USDA CAFL |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted in hot ash pits or steamed prior to eating. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 50 |
| Calochortus palmeri S. Wats. Palmer's Mariposa Lily USDA CAPAP4 |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted in hot ash pits or steamed prior to eating. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 50 |
| Camissonia claviformis ssp. claviformis Browneyes USDA CACLC3 |
Cahuilla Food, Vegetable Leaves used for greens. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 94 |
| Campanula divaricata Michx. Small Bonny Bellflower USDA CADI3 |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of root taken for diarrhea. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37 |
| Campanula parryi Gray Parry's Bellflower USDA CAPAP2 |
Zuni Drug, Dermatological Aid Blossoms chewed and saliva applied to skin as a depilatory. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 44 |
| Cannabis sativa L. Marijuana USDA CASAS9 |
Iroquois Drug, Psychological Aid Used after patient gets well but doesn't think that he's recovered. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306 |
| Cannabis sativa L. Marijuana USDA CASAS9 |
Iroquois Drug, Stimulant 'This plant will get you going.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306 |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Shepherd's Purse USDA CABU2 |
Cahuilla Food, Unspecified Seeds gathered for food. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51 |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Shepherd's Purse USDA CABU2 |
Cahuilla Food, Vegetable Leaves used for greens. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51 |
| Capsicum annuum L. Cayenne Pepper USDA CAANA4 |
Sia Food, Unspecified Cultivated and eaten almost daily or sometimes at more than one meal per day. White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE Bulletin #, page 106 |
| Carex sp. Sedge |
Jemez Other, Ceremonial Items Plant considered sacred and used in the kiva. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21 |
| Carex sp. Sedge |
Jemez Other, Sacred Items Plant considered sacred and used in the kiva. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago Food, Fruit Fruits used as an important article of diet. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago Food, Preserves Fruits made into a conserve. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago Food, Sauce & Relish Fruits boiled to make a syrup. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago Food, Staple Seeds ground into flour. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago Food, Unspecified Oil extracted from the seeds. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 19 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Dried Food Ripe fruits made into balls and dried for future use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Fruit Ripe fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Fresh or dried fruits boiled to make a syrup. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Castilleja densiflora ssp. densiflora Denseflower Indian Paintbrush USDA CADED3 |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items Flowers used in dance wreaths at the Strawberry Festival in May. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 35 |
| Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta Exserted Indian Paintbrush USDA CAEXE |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items Flowers used in dance wreaths at the Strawberry Festival in May. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 35 |
| Castilleja foliolosa Hook. & Arn. Texas Indian Paintbrush USDA CAFO2 |
Cahuilla Food, Sweetener Flowers picked by children to suck the nectar. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51 |
| Ceanothus fendleri Gray Fendler's Ceanothus USDA CEFE |
Acoma Food, Fruit Berries sweetened with sugar and used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Ceanothus fendleri Gray Fendler's Ceanothus USDA CEFE |
Laguna Food, Fruit Berries sweetened with sugar and used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Ceanothus griseus (Trel. ex B.L. Robins.) McMinn Carmel Ceanothus USDA CEGR2 |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items Flowers used in dance wreathes at the Strawberry Festival. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 23 |
| Ceanothus sp. California Lilac |
Cahuilla Other, Fuel Used for firewood. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51 |
| Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch. Blueblossom Ceanothus USDA CETH |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items Flowers used in dance wreathes at the Strawberry Festival. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 23 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Acoma Food, Fruit Berries extensively used as food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Acoma Food, Fruit Berries extensively used as food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Laguna Food, Fruit Berries extensively used as food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Laguna Food, Fruit Berries extensively used as food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Papago Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Pueblo Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson Netleaf Hackberry USDA CELAR |
Pueblo Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins California Redbud USDA CECAT |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Pods roasted in ashes and seeds eaten. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21 |
| Chaenactis glabriuscula DC. Yellow Chaenactis USDA CHGLG2 |
Cahuilla Food, Porridge Parched seeds ground into flour, mixed with other seeds and used to form a mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
| Chamaesyce melanadenia (Torr.) Millsp. Squaw Sandmat USDA CHME5 |
Cahuilla Drug, Dermatological Aid Sap used for bee stings and sores. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 73 |
| Chamaesyce melanadenia (Torr.) Millsp. Squaw Sandmat USDA CHME5 |
Cahuilla Drug, Ear Medicine Sap used for earaches. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 73 |
| Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thymeleaf Sandmat USDA CHSES |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Oral Aid Plant chewed to sweeten the saliva. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158 |
| Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thymeleaf Sandmat USDA CHSES |
Zuni Food, Sweetener Root pieces used to sweeten corn meal. After the mouth had been thoroughly cleansed, the women who sweetened the corn placed a piece of it in their mouths. The root remained in the mouth for two days, except to take refreshment and to sleep. Each time the root was removed from the mouth, the mouth was cleansed with cold water before returning the root to it. Finally, when they began sweetening the corn, either yellow or black corn was used. The women, with their fingers, placed as much corn meal as possible into their mouths and held it there, without chewing, until the accumulation of saliva forced ejection of the mass. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 67 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Apache Food, Vegetable Young plants cooked as greens. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Leaves cooked with meat. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Pueblo Food, Vegetable Young plants cooked as greens. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Spanish American Food, Vegetable Young plants cooked as greens. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Zuni Food, Vegetable Young plants cooked as greens. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16 |
| Chenopodium californicum (S. Wats.) S. Wats. California Goosefoot USDA CHCA3 |
Cahuilla Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of entire plant used for stomach disorders. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |
| Chenopodium californicum (S. Wats.) S. Wats. California Goosefoot USDA CHCA3 |
Cahuilla Food, Candy Milky sap used to make gum. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 52 |