| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Ojibwa Food, Beverage Fresh or dried berries sweetened with maple sugar & made into a hot or cool beverage like lemonade. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
| Rhus typhina L. Staghorn Sumac USDA RHHI2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Root used for hemorrhages. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354 |
| Rhus typhina L. Staghorn Sumac USDA RHHI2 |
Ojibwa Dye, Orange Inner bark and central pith of the stem mixed with bloodroot and used for the orange color. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 424 |
| Rhus typhina L. Staghorn Sumac USDA RHHI2 |
Ojibwa Food, Beverage Fresh or dried berries sweetened with maple sugar & made into a hot or cool beverage like lemonade. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
| Rhus typhina L. Staghorn Sumac USDA RHHI2 |
Ojibwa Food, Winter Use Food Seed heads dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
| Ribes americanum P. Mill. American Black Currant USDA RIAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes americanum P. Mill. American Black Currant USDA RIAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes americanum P. Mill. American Black Currant USDA RIAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes americanum P. Mill. American Black Currant USDA RIAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make jams and preserves. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes cynosbati L. Eastern Prickly Gooseberry USDA RICY |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries relished when ripe. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes cynosbati L. Eastern Prickly Gooseberry USDA RICY |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries made into preserves for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes oxyacanthoides L. Canadian Gooseberry USDA RIOXO |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries gathered for fresh food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes oxyacanthoides L. Canadian Gooseberry USDA RIOXO |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries often cooked with sweet corn. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes oxyacanthoides L. Canadian Gooseberry USDA RIOXO |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make preserves for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes triste Pallas Red Currant USDA RITR |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Leaves used as some sort of female remedy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 389 |
| Ribes triste Pallas Red Currant USDA RITR |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes triste Pallas Red Currant USDA RITR |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes triste Pallas Red Currant USDA RITR |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Ribes triste Pallas Red Currant USDA RITR |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make jams and preserves. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Rosa blanda Ait. Smooth Rose USDA ROBLB |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Dried, powdered flowers used for heartburn. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 385 |
| Rosa blanda Ait. Smooth Rose USDA ROBLB |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Rose hip skin used for stomach trouble and indigestion. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 385 |
| Rubus allegheniensis Porter Allegheny Blackberry USDA RUALA |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of root used to 'arrest flux.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 385386 |
| Rubus allegheniensis Porter Allegheny Blackberry USDA RUALA |
Ojibwa Drug, Diuretic Decoction of canes taken as a diuretic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 385386 |
| Rubus allegheniensis Porter Allegheny Blackberry USDA RUALA |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make jam for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Adjuvant Berries used as a seasoner for medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 386 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of root bark used for sore eyes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 386 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit This was a favorite fresh fruit. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make jam for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Root used to close and heal cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 381 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Dried seeds smoked as a favorable lure to game when mixed with kinnikinnick. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 431 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Corms eaten for indigestion. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 353 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine for man. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Veterinary Aid Used as a medicine for horses. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Food, Forage Recognized as a favorite food of ducks and geese. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Food, Staple Corms, a most valued food, boiled fresh, dried or candied with maple sugar. Muskrat and beavers store them in large caches, which the Indians have learned to recognize and appropriate. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow USDA SAFR |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark applied to sores as a styptic and healing aid. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow USDA SAFR |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Bark used as a styptic and poultice for sores. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark used for sores and applied to bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Bark used on bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Peeled, toasted and flaked bark used for kinnikinnick or smoking mixture. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
| Salix pedicellaris Pursh Bog Willow USDA SAPE2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used for stomach troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388389 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Cathartic Decoction of inner bark, considered dangerous, taken as a cathartic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 360361 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Emetic Decoction of inner bark, considered dangerous, taken as an emetic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 360361 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Juice used as face paint for the medicine lodge ceremony or when on warpath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 377 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Root juice on maple sugar used for sore throat. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 377378 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Dye, Orange Fresh or dried roots used as an orange dye to paint faces with clan marks. The roots were used in four or five combinations in dyeing various materials. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 426 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Dye, Yellow Fresh or dried roots used as a dark yellow dye to paint faces with clan marks. The roots were used in four or five combinations in dyeing various materials. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 426 |
| Sanicula marilandica L. Maryland Sanicle USDA SAMA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of root used for various fevers. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 391 |
| Sanicula marilandica L. Maryland Sanicle USDA SAMA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Snake Bite Remedy Poultice of pounded root applied to rattlesnake bite or any snakebite. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 391 |
| Sarracenia purpurea L. Purple Pitcherplant USDA SAPUP6 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of root used 'to help a woman accomplish parturition.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 389 |