| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries used fresh. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa Food, Winter Use Food Berries used preserved. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2224 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry USDA RUOC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rumex altissimus Wood Pale Dock USDA RUAL4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Plant used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 240 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidiarrheal Boiled seeds used for diarrhea. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2289 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidiarrheal Seeds boiled and used for diarrhea. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2318 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Root used to close and heal cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 381 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Dried seeds smoked as a favorable lure to game when mixed with kinnikinnick. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 431 |
| Rumex crispus L. Curly Dock USDA RUCRC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bruised or crushed root applied to sores and abrasions. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Corms eaten for indigestion. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 353 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine for man. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Drug, Veterinary Aid Used as a medicine for horses. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Food, Forage Recognized as a favorite food of ducks and geese. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon Arumleaf Arrowhead USDA SACU |
Ojibwa Food, Staple Corms, a most valued food, boiled fresh, dried or candied with maple sugar. Muskrat and beavers store them in large caches, which the Indians have learned to recognize and appropriate. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 396 |
| Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd. Sageleaf Willow USDA SACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used for stomach troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd. Sageleaf Willow USDA SACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Sedative Plant used for trembling. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd. Sageleaf Willow USDA SACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Plant used for fainting. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd. Sageleaf Willow USDA SACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd. Sageleaf Willow USDA SACA4 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of inner bark taken for coughs. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Salix discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow USDA SADI |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used for stomach troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow USDA SADI |
Ojibwa Drug, Sedative Plant used for trembling. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow USDA SADI |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Plant used for fainting. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow USDA SADI |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow USDA SAFR |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark applied to sores as a styptic and healing aid. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow USDA SAFR |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Bark used as a styptic and poultice for sores. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark used for sores and applied to bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Bark used on bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Peeled, toasted and flaked bark used for kinnikinnick or smoking mixture. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
| Salix pedicellaris Pursh Bog Willow USDA SAPE2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used for stomach troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388389 |
| Salix pyrifolia Anderss. Balsam Willow USDA SAPY |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used for stomach troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix pyrifolia Anderss. Balsam Willow USDA SAPY |
Ojibwa Drug, Sedative Plant used for trembling. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix pyrifolia Anderss. Balsam Willow USDA SAPY |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Plant used for fainting. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix pyrifolia Anderss. Balsam Willow USDA SAPY |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Salix sp. |
Ojibwa Drug, Respiratory Aid Heated poultice of inner bark applied to the throat for diphtheria. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2302 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Cathartic Decoction of inner bark, considered dangerous, taken as a cathartic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 360361 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Emetic Decoction of inner bark, considered dangerous, taken as an emetic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 360361 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Infusion of roots used as a medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Sambucus racemosa L. Scarlet Elderberry USDA SARAR3 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Plant used for stomach pain, fainting and trembling in fits. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Anticonvulsive Plant used for trembling in fits or infusion of leaves taken for fits. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Infusion of pounded plants used as wash for general illnesses and rheumatism. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Blood Medicine Leaf infusion taken as blood medicine and bark decoction used for blood disease. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Juice used as face paint for the medicine lodge ceremony or when on warpath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 377 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of plant applied or root infusion taken and used as a wash for sores and cuts. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction or infusion of plants taken for stomach or bowel troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Infusion of roots taken and used as a wash for bleeding foot cuts. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Laxative Decoction of plants taken for sick stomach, bowels or for constipation. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot USDA SACA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Panacea Infusion of pounded plants used as a wash for general illnesses. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |