| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten as a food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 242 |
| Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe Fireberry Hawthorn USDA CRCH |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 236 |
| Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe Fireberry Hawthorn USDA CRCH |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound decoction of root taken for diarrhea. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Crataegus sp. |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Fruit and bark used to make a medicine for women only. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384 |
| Crataegus sp. |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Haw apples used as a food in the fall. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409 |
| Crataegus sp. |
Ojibwa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark smoked to attract deer while hunting. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 431 |
| Crataegus sp. |
Ojibwa Other, Tools Sharp thorns used for sewing awls on finer work such as buckskin sewing with sinew. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
| Cucumis sativus L. Garden Cucumber USDA CUSA4 |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Cucumbers eaten raw and sometimes flavored with maple sap vinegar and powdered maple sugar. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
| Cucurbita maxima Duchesne Winter Squash USDA CUMA3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Diuretic Infusion of seeds taken as a diuretic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367 |
| Cucurbita maxima Duchesne Winter Squash USDA CUMA3 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Squash rings dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
| Cucurbita pepo L. Field Pumpkin USDA CUPEP |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Pumpkin rings dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400 |
| Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale (Fern.) Cooperrider Wild Comfrey USDA CYVIB |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Plant burned on live coals and fumes inhaled for headaches. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359360 |
| Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight Lesser Yellow Lady's Slipper USDA CYPUP |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Root used for all female troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 377 |
| Diervilla lonicera P. Mill. Northern Bush Honeysuckle USDA DILO |
Ojibwa Drug, Urinary Aid Compound containing root used as a valued urinary remedy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 360 |
| Dirca palustris L. Eastern Leatherwood USDA DIPA9 |
Ojibwa Drug, Diuretic Infusion of bark taken as a diuretic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 390 |
| Dirca palustris L. Eastern Leatherwood USDA DIPA9 |
Ojibwa Drug, Urinary Aid Infusion of twigs taken for urinary infections. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2306 |
| Dirca palustris L. Eastern Leatherwood USDA DIPA9 |
Ojibwa Other, Fasteners Used for withes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 240 |
| Dryopteris cristata (L.) Gray Crested Woodfern USDA DRCR4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of root used for stomach trouble. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 381 |
| Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray Wild Cucumber USDA ECLO |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of root used as a bitter medicine for stomach troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367368 |
| Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray Wild Cucumber USDA ECLO |
Ojibwa Drug, Tonic Infusion of root used as a tonic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367368 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Equisetum arvense L. Field Horsetail USDA EQAR |
Ojibwa Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of whole plant used for dropsy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 368 |
| Equisetum arvense L. Field Horsetail USDA EQAR |
Ojibwa Food, Fodder Plant gathered to feed domesticated ducks and fed to ponies to make their coats glossy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400 |
| Equisetum hyemale L. Scouringrush Horsetail USDA EQHYA |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Plant used as a medicine. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Equisetum hyemale L. Scouringrush Horsetail USDA EQHYA |
Ojibwa Fiber, Scouring Material Handful of stems used to scour the kettles and pans. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Equisetum palustre L. Marsh Horsetail USDA EQPA |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion or decoction of plants taken for stomach or bowel troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Equisetum palustre L. Marsh Horsetail USDA EQPA |
Ojibwa Drug, Laxative Decoction of plants taken for sick stomach, bowels or for constipation. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Equisetum sylvaticum L. Woodland Horsetail USDA EQSY |
Ojibwa Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of plant used for kidney trouble and dropsy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 368 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Drug, Cold Remedy Smoke of dried flowers inhaled for headcold. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Drug, Cold Remedy Snuff of pulverized flowers used to cause sneezing to loosen headcolds. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of flowers used to break fevers. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Food, Forage Plant eaten by deer and cows. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Disk florets smoked to attract the buck deer. They say that cows and deer eat the blossoms. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 429 |
| Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane USDA ERPHP |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Plant used in the smoking tobacco or kinnikinnick mixture. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Erigeron strigosus var. strigosus Prairie Fleabane USDA ERSTS2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Plant used for sick headache. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Eriophorum callitrix Cham. ex C.A. Mey. Arctic Cottongrass USDA ERCAC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Matted fuzz used as a 'hemostatic.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 368 |
| Eupatorium purpureum L. Sweetscented Joepyeweed USDA EUPUP |
Ojibwa Drug, Pediatric Aid Strong solution of root used as strengthening wash for infants. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Euphorbia corollata L. Flowering Spurge USDA EUCO10 |
Ojibwa Drug, Cathartic Infusion of pounded root taken before eating as a physic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 369 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion of root used to bathe the head for headache. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Plant smoked as one of the hunting charms to attract deer. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 429 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Plant used as a charm in hunting. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Young and tender leaves eaten and act as a medicine at the same time that they are food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Food, Soup Roots used as a soup material. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. Bigleaf Aster USDA EUMA27 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Young and tender leaves eaten and act as a medicine at the same time that they are food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia Flattop Goldentop USDA EUGRG |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion of flowers taken for chest pain. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366 |
| Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia Flattop Goldentop USDA EUGRG |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Flowers used in the hunting medicine and smoked to simulate the odor of a deer's hoof. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 429 |
| Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia Flattop Goldentop USDA EUGRG |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Plant used in a hunting medicine. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366 |
| Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. American Beech USDA FAGR |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Sweet nuts much appreciated and never enough to store for winter. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
| Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Virginia Strawberry USDA FRVIV |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion taken for stomachaches. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384 |