| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Lowbush Blueberry USDA VAAN |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries dried like currants and cooked in winter with corn, rice and venison. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Lowbush Blueberry USDA VAAN |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries sun dried for winter use. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Lowbush Blueberry USDA VAAN |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Lowbush Blueberry USDA VAAN |
Ojibwa Food, Winter Use Food Berries canned for future use. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Lowbush Blueberry USDA VAAN |
Ojibwa Other, Cash Crop Berries gathered and sold to the nearby stores. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Cranberry USDA VAMA |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Cranberry USDA VAMA |
Ojibwa Other, Cash Crop Fruit sold by the bushels. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. Velvetleaf Huckleberry USDA VAMY |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries sun dried for winter use. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. Velvetleaf Huckleberry USDA VAMY |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. Velvetleaf Huckleberry USDA VAMY |
Ojibwa Food, Winter Use Food Berries canned for future use. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. Velvetleaf Huckleberry USDA VAMY |
Ojibwa Other, Cash Crop Berries gathered and sold to the nearby stores. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Small Cranberry USDA VAOX |
Ojibwa Drug, Antiemetic Infusion of plant taken by person with slight nausea. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 369 |
| Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Small Cranberry USDA VAOX |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Small Cranberry USDA VAOX |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit This was an important wild food. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401 |
| Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Small Cranberry USDA VAOX |
Ojibwa Other, Cash Crop Fruit sold by the bushels. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |
| Verbascum thapsus L. Common Mullein USDA VETH |
Ojibwa Drug, Heart Medicine Peeled roots used as a heart stimulant. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2304 |
| Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. Culver's Root USDA VEVI4 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Cathartic Decoction of crushed root taken as a cathartic. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Viburnum dentatum var. dentatum Southern Arrowwood USDA VIDED4 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Bark furnished one of the ingredients of kinnikinnick. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry USDA VILE |
Ojibwa Drug, Diuretic Infusion of inner bark used as a diuretic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry USDA VILE |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh from the bush. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry USDA VILE |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used in jam with wild grapes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion of inner bark taken for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Cathartic Infusion of inner bark taken as a physic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of inner bark taken for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viola canadensis L. Canadian White Violet USDA VICAC |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root used for pains near the bladder. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Viola conspersa Reichenb. American Dog Violet USDA VILA10 |
Ojibwa Drug, Heart Medicine Infusion of whole plant taken for heart trouble. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 392 |
| Viola pubescens Ait. Downy Yellow Violet USDA VIPUP2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of root taken in small doses for sore throat. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Vitis vulpina L. Frost Grape USDA VIVU |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Sap used for stomach and bowel troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 392 |
| Vitis vulpina L. Frost Grape USDA VIVU |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of twigs taken to facilitate passing of afterbirth. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 392 |
| Vitis vulpina L. Frost Grape USDA VIVU |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Frosted grapes made into jelly for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 411 |
| Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill. Common Pricklyash USDA ZAAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Respiratory Aid Infusion of berries sprayed on chest for congestion from bronchitis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 387 |
| Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill. Common Pricklyash USDA ZAAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Bark or berries used for sore throat and tonsillitis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 387 |
| Zea mays L. Corn USDA ZEMAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Kernels dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 402 |
| Zea mays L. Corn USDA ZEMAM2 |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Several sorts of corn were grown, modern and ancient. Ears were roasted and made into hominy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 402 |
| Zizania aquatica L. Annual Wildrice USDA ZIAQA2 |
Ojibwa Food, Bread & Cake Seeds used to make gem cakes, duck stuffing and fowl stuffing. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
| Zizania aquatica L. Annual Wildrice USDA ZIAQA2 |
Ojibwa Food, Breakfast Food Seeds steamed into puffed rice and eaten for breakfast with sugar and cream. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
| Zizania aquatica L. Annual Wildrice USDA ZIAQA2 |
Ojibwa Food, Special Food Seeds boiled with rabbit excrements, eaten and esteemed as a luxury. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
| Zizania aquatica L. Annual Wildrice USDA ZIAQA2 |
Ojibwa Other, Cash Crop Seeds scorched, winnowed and sold as breakfast food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
| Zizania palustris L. Northern Wildrice USDA ZIPAP |
Ojibwa Food, Staple Formed an important staple in the diet, cooked with deer broth and maple sugar and eaten. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 403 |