| Acorus calamus L. Calamus USDA ACAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Root and sarsaparilla root made into tea and used on gill nets to bring a fine catch of white fish. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 428 |
| Acorus calamus L. Calamus USDA ACAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Root chewed for sore throat. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2247 |
| Acorus calamus L. Calamus USDA ACAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Root used for 'a cold in the throat.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355 |
| Acorus calamus L. Calamus USDA ACAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Roots chewed for sore throat. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2309 |
| Acorus calamus L. Calamus USDA ACAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Used to make a throat tonic for singers. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2247 |
| Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry USDA ACRUR2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Root eaten by men for stomach troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382 |
| Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry USDA ACRUR2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of root taken after childbirth 'to clear up the system.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382 |
| Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry USDA ACRUR2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root taken for stomach pain caused by having 'swallowed hair.' Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry USDA ACRUR2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root taken for stomach pain caused by having 'swallowed hair.' Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. Tall Hairy Agrimony USDA AGGR2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Urinary Aid Compound containing root used as a medicine for urinary troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383384 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Used in the spring as an article of food, the small wild onion was sweet. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 406 |
| Allium tricoccum Ait. Wild Leek USDA ALTR3 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Large, bitter, wild leek gathered in spring and dried for future use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 406 |
| Alnus incana (L.) Moench Mountain Alder USDA ALINR |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root taken as astringent and coagulant after bloody stools. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358 |
| Alnus incana (L.) Moench Mountain Alder USDA ALINR |
Ojibwa Dye, Yellow Inner bark used for dyeing light yellow or with other ingredients for red, red brown or black. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
| Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. Canadian Serviceberry USDA AMCA4 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 236 |
| Amelanchier laevis Wieg. Allegheny Serviceberry USDA AMLA |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark taken by expectant mothers. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384 |
| Amelanchier laevis Wieg. Allegheny Serviceberry USDA AMLA |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries used for food and dried for winter use, the Indians preferred them to blueberries. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 408 |
| Amorpha canescens Pursh Leadplant USDA AMCA6 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Amorpha canescens Pursh Leadplant USDA AMCA6 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. American Hogpeanut USDA AMBRB |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Roots cooked, although really too small to be considered of much importance. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 405 |
| Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. American Hogpeanut USDA AMBRB |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Beans cooked, unusual flavor imparted and eaten. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 405 |
| Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. Western Pearlyeverlasting USDA ANMA |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Powdered flowers sprinkled on coals and smoke inhaled to revive stroke victim. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 362363 |
| Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla (Link) DC. Bog Rosemary USDA ANPOG |
Ojibwa Food, Beverage Fresh or dried leaves and tips boiled for a beverage tea. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400 |
| Anemone canadensis L. Canadian Anemone USDA ANCA8 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Root eaten to clear throat so one can sing well in medicine lodge ceremony. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382383 |
| Anemone canadensis L. Canadian Anemone USDA ANCA8 |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Root eaten to clear throat so one can sing well in ceremonies. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382383 |
| Anemone canadensis L. Canadian Anemone USDA ANCA8 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root used for pain in the lumbar region. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Anemone canadensis L. Canadian Anemone USDA ANCA8 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of root used for pain in the lumbar region. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Anemone cylindrica Gray Candle Anemone USDA ANCY |
Ojibwa Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of root taken for lung congestion and tuberculosis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383 |
| Anemone cylindrica Gray Candle Anemone USDA ANCY |
Ojibwa Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of root used for lung congestion and tuberculosis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383 |
| Anemone sp. Buttercup |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Snuff of powdered, dry leaves used as an errhine for headache. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200 |
| Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica (Greene) Bayer Field Pussytoes USDA ANHON |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of herb taken after childbirth to purge afterbirth and to heal. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363 |
| Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sweet Vernalgrass USDA ANOD |
Ojibwa Fiber, Basketry Grass used to make baskets. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 419 |
| Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sweet Vernalgrass USDA ANOD |
Ojibwa Other, Ceremonial Items In the olden times, used ceremonially because of its persistent sweet scent. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 419 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Root smoke inhaled for headache. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Root, considered sacred, eaten during the medicine lodge ceremony. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Roots eaten during the medicine lodge ceremony. The roots are also chewed to keep the other witch doctors from affecting one with an evil charm. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 428 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Diuretic Infusion of root taken as a diuretic during pregnancy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of root taken as a diuretic during pregnancy. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Oral Aid Root used for coated tongue and headache. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Root eaten for throat trouble. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355 |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane USDA APAN2 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Sewing Material Outer rind used for fine sewing. In the fall, when mature, this plant makes one of the strongest native fibers, stronger even than the cultivated hemp to which it is related. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413 |
| Aquilegia canadensis L. Red Columbine USDA AQCA |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Root considered a good medicine for stomach trouble. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Anticonvulsive Infusion of leaves taken for fits. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of leaves taken as a blood medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of plants taken as a blood medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of pounded root applied to boils and carbuncles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 356 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Roots & sweet flag made into tea & used to soak gill nets before setting out to catch fish at night. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 428 |
| Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla USDA ARNU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Infusion of leaves taken for fainting. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231 |
| Aralia racemosa L. American Spikenard USDA ARRAR |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Plant used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Arctium lappa L. Greater Burrdock USDA ARLA3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Blood Medicine Roots used as a blood medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238 |