| Barbarea verna (P. Mill.) Aschers. Early Yellowrocket USDA BAVE |
Cherokee Food, Unspecified Plant boiled, fried and eaten. Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252 |
| Barbarea verna (P. Mill.) Aschers. Early Yellowrocket USDA BAVE |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves parboiled, rinsed, seasoned with grease and salt and cooked until tender as potherbs. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 36 |
| Barbarea verna (P. Mill.) Aschers. Early Yellowrocket USDA BAVE |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves used in salads. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 36 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Cherokee Drug, Blood Medicine Cooked salad eaten to purify blood. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Cherokee Food, Unspecified Plant boiled, fried and eaten. Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves parboiled, rinsed, seasoned with grease and salt and cooked until tender as potherbs. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 36 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves used in salads. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 36 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Mohegan Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves taken every half hour for coughs. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Shinnecock Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves taken every half hour for coughs. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118 |
| Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. India Mustard USDA BRJU |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used as a stomach medicine. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Dietary Aid Taken to increase the appetite. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Taken for fever and 'nervous fever.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Taken for 'dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Taken for 'ague.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Orthopedic Aid Taken for palsy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Used as a poultice for croup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Given for 'phthisic' or asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Stimulant Taken as a stimulant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Drug, Tonic Taken as a tonic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves boiled and served with drippings or boiled, fried with other greens and eaten. Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of hot, dried leaves applied to sores and boils. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Micmac Drug, Cold Remedy Bark used for colds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Micmac Drug, Cough Medicine Bark used for coughs. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Micmac Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Bark used for grippe and smallpox. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Dietary Aid Taken to increase appetite. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Taken for fever and 'nervous fever.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Taken for 'dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Taken for 'ague.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Orthopedic Aid Taken for palsy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Used as a poultice for croup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Given for 'phthisic' or asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Stimulant Taken as a stimulant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Cherokee Drug, Tonic Taken as a tonic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Diegueno Food, Vegetable Young, spring leaves boiled and eaten as greens. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 15 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Hoh Drug, Unspecified Plants used for medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Hoh Food, Spice Used for flavoring. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Hoh Food, Vegetable Plants eaten as greens. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Iroquois Food, Vegetable Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Luiseno Food, Vegetable Plant used for greens. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 232 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Meskwaki Drug, Cold Remedy Snuff of ground seeds used for headcolds. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 219 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Poultice of fresh leaves applied to headaches. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 71, 128 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Poultice of leaves bound to the skin for headache. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 264 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Poultice of mustard applied to body pains. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Poultice of wilted leaves applied to the skin for headache. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Toothache Remedy Poultice of fresh leaves applied to toothaches. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 71, 128 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Toothache Remedy Poultice of leaves bound to the skin for toothache. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 264 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Drug, Toothache Remedy Poultice of wilted leaves applied to the skin for toothache. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Mohegan Food, Vegetable Combined with pigweed, plantain, dock and nettle and used as mixed greens. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 83 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Quileute Drug, Unspecified Plants used for medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Black Mustard USDA BRNI |
Quileute Food, Spice Used for flavoring. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |