| Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Shepherd's Purse USDA CABU2 |
Thompson Food, Vegetable Leaves soaked in water overnight and eaten raw or cooked as a green vegetable. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 194 |
| Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. ex Muhl.) B.S.P. Bulbous Bittercress USDA CABU3 |
Iroquois Drug, Poison Roots used as a poison to kill. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine californica var. californica Milkmaids USDA CACAC3 |
Yurok Other, Season Indicator First plant to flower in the spring. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 27 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Analgesic Poultice of smashed roots applied to the head for headaches. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Used for colds. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Dietary Aid Used to stimulate appetite and regulate stomach. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used for colds, to stimulate appetite and to regulate the stomach. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Hallucinogen Plant used to mesmerize. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Heart Medicine Roots used several ways for heart palpitations or other heart diseases. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Hunting Medicine Roots rubbed on guns, traps, fishing lines or hooks, a 'hunting medicine.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Love Medicine Roots or plant placed in pocket or mouth to attract women, a 'love medicine.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Drug, Panacea Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw with salt or boiled. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120 |
| Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Cutleaf Toothwort USDA CACO26 |
Iroquois Other, Ceremonial Items Plant used for divination. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Abnaki Food, Sauce & Relish Used as a condiment. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 152 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Abnaki Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 167 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of plant given to children for fevers. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 173 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Heart Medicine Infusion of plant and sweet flag root taken for heart disease. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 173 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion of plant given to children for fevers. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 173 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Algonquin, Quebec Food, Sauce & Relish Ground root put into vinegar for use as a relish. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 86 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Drug, Analgesic Poultice of root used for headache. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Drug, Cold Remedy Root chewed for colds. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Drug, Throat Aid Infusion gargled for sore throat and root chewed for colds. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves & stems parboiled, rinsed, added to hot grease, salt & water & boiled until soft as potherbs. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 37 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Leaves used in salads. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 37 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Cherokee Other, Smoke Plant Leaves used for smoking. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Delaware Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Roots used as a stomach medicine. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Delaware Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of roots combined with other plants and used for scrofula and venereal disease. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 34 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Compound containing root used as a stomach remedy. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound containing root used for 'scrofula.' Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Venereal Aid Compound containing root used for venereal disease. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Breast Treatment Infusion of whole plant taken to strengthen the breasts. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 45 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Carminative Raw root chewed for stomach gas. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of roots applied to swellings. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Cold infusion of plant taken for fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Love Medicine Infusion of roots taken when 'love medicine is too strong.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Other Cold infusion of plant taken for 'summer complaint.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Psychological Aid Infusion of roots taken when the 'heart jumps and the head goes wrong.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Pulmonary Aid Compound used for chest pains. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 341 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of plant taken at the beginning of tuberculosis. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 45 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw with salt or boiled. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Malecite Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion of roots used as a tonic for children. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 252 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Malecite Drug, Throat Aid Green or dried roots chewed and used for hoarseness. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 247 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Malecite Drug, Throat Aid Green or dry roots chewed and used to clear the throat. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 252 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Malecite Drug, Tonic Infusion of roots used as a tonic. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 252 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Micmac Drug, Sedative Root used as a sedative. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Micmac Drug, Throat Aid Root used to clear the throat and for hoarseness. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Micmac Drug, Tonic Root used as a tonic. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56 |
| Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood Crinkleroot USDA CADI10 |
Ojibwa Food, Sauce & Relish Ground roots mixed with salt, sugar or vinegar and used as a condiment or relish. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2207 |
| Cardamine douglassii Britt. Limestone Bittercress USDA CADO |
Iroquois Drug, Antidote Infusion of smashed roots used to counteract any kind of poison. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |