| Cardamine douglassii Britt. Limestone Bittercress USDA CADO |
Iroquois Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Infusion of smashed roots used to divine the perpetrator of witchcraft. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340 |
| Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood Large Toothwort USDA CAMA36 |
Menominee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Good medicine for the stomach. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 65 |
| Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood Large Toothwort USDA CAMA36 |
Menominee Food, Vegetable Roots fermented for four or five days to sweeten and cooked with corn. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 65 |
| Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood Large Toothwort USDA CAMA36 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Roots used as a good medicine for the stomach. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
| Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Wood Large Toothwort USDA CAMA36 |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Favored wild potatoes cooked with corn and deer meat or beans and deer meat. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
| Caulanthus coulteri S. Wats. Coulter's Wild Cabbage USDA CACO38 |
Kawaiisu Food, Vegetable Leaves gathered in early spring before the flowers appear, boiled, salted, fried in grease & eaten. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 17 |
| Caulanthus crassicaulis (Torr.) S. Wats. Thickstem Wild Cabbage USDA CACRC |
Shoshoni Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of root taken as a blood tonic. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53 |
| Caulanthus inflatus S. Wats. Desert Candle USDA CAIN15 |
Kawaiisu Food, Unspecified Soft upper section of the stem roasted in a pit oven covered with dirt and eaten. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 17 |
| Cochlearia officinalis L. Common Scurvygrass USDA COGR6 |
Alaska Native Food, Vegetable Leaves eaten raw in mixed salads or cooked as greens. Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 27 |
| Cochlearia sp. |
Aleut Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29 |
| Dentaria sp. Toothwort |
Cherokee Food, Unspecified Plants cooked with other greens and used for food. Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incana Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI |
Paiute, Northern Food, Beverage Seeds dried, cooked, ground, water added, kneaded, water added to make a fine batter and drunk. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incana Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Seeds roasted, cooled, ground, mixed with cold water and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incana Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI |
Paiute, Northern Food, Winter Use Food Seeds stored for winter use. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Bread & Cake Seeds threshed, winnowed, ground and the flour used to make bread. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 49 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Unspecified Seeds boiled and eaten. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 49 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Mashed and applied to bad cuts. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 57 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Klamath Food, Unspecified Parched, ground seeds used for food. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 96-97 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Parched seeds ground for food. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant used as a lotion for frozen body parts. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 23 |
| Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi Mountain Tansymustard USDA DEINI2 |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Throat Aid Plant used as a lotion for sore throats. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 23 |
| Descurainia obtusa (Greene) O.E. Schulz Blunt Tansymustard USDA DEOBO |
Cocopa Food, Vegetable Young plants boiled as greens. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
| Descurainia obtusa (Greene) O.E. Schulz Blunt Tansymustard USDA DEOBO |
Hopi Food, Vegetable Plant used as greens. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 309 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Cahuilla Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Ground seeds used for stomach ailments. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 66 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Cahuilla Food, Spice Ground seeds used to flavor soups or used as a condiment with corn. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 66 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Cahuilla Food, Vegetable Leaves used as potherbs. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 66 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Cocopa Food, Staple Seeds harvested, winnowed, parched, ground and the meal eaten. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 187 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Hopi Food, Spice Plant used as flavoring with meat or other vegetables. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 310 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Hopi Food, Vegetable Greens pit baked, cooled and served in salted water with corn dumplings, boiled bread or piki bread. Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 19 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Hopi Food, Vegetable Plant cooked alone as greens. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 310 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Kawaiisu Food, Beverage Seeds parched, pounded, sifted, mixed with cold water and taken as a nourishing beverage. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 26 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Kawaiisu Food, Winter Use Food Pounded or raw seeds stored for future use. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 26 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Toothache Remedy Poultice of plant applied for toothache. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Bread & Cake Ground seeds used to make cakes. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Fodder Used as sheep feed. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Beverage Seeds dried, cooked, ground, water added, kneaded, water added to make a fine batter and drunk. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Seeds roasted, cooled, ground, mixed with cold water and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Winter Use Food Seeds stored for winter use. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Beverage Seeds mixed with water to make a drink. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Porridge Seeds used to make a mucilaginous mass and eaten. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Staple Seeds ground, parched and used to make pinole. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5 |
| Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIP3 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Unspecified Seeds mixed with water and eaten. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Keres, Western Other, Fertilizer Infusion of plant used to soak seed corn for faster maturity. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 70 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Keres, Western Other, Fertilizer Leaves buried with seed corn as a fertilizer or fungicide. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 70 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Keres, Western Other, Preservative Leaves stored with corn to prevent spoiling. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 70 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Navajo Food, Porridge Parched seeds ground, made into a gruel and used to dip bread in. Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Pueblo Food, Dried Food Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls, dried and stored for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 25 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Pueblo Food, Soup Plant made into a stew with wild onions, wild celery, tallow or bits of meat. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 25 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Pueblo Food, Unspecified Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls and eaten. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 25 |
| Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling Western Tansymustard USDA DEPIH |
Pueblo Food, Vegetable Young plants boiled with a pinch of salt and eaten as greens. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 25 |