| Heuchera micrantha Dougl. ex Lindl. Crevice Alumroot USDA HEMIM2 |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of mashed root with Douglas fir pitch used for wounds. The poultice was covered with a cloth and when it was taken off, all the poison was extracted from the open wound. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 282 |
| Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. Vanillagrass USDA HIALA |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15 |
| Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. Vanillagrass USDA HIALA |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15 |
| Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. Vanillagrass USDA HIALA |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15 |
| Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. Vanillagrass USDA HIALA |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15 |
| Hordeum vulgare L. Common Barley USDA HOVU |
Papago Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 117 |
| Hordeum vulgare L. Common Barley USDA HOVU |
Pima Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 117 |
| Huperzia selago var. selago Fir Clubmoss USDA HUSES |
Nitinaht Drug, Cathartic Plant used as a purgative. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60 |
| Huperzia selago var. selago Fir Clubmoss USDA HUSES |
Nitinaht Drug, Emetic Plant used as a fast acting emetic. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60 |
| Huperzia selago var. selago Fir Clubmoss USDA HUSES |
Nitinaht Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Branches used to 'clean...out' the insides. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60 |
| Huperzia selago var. selago Fir Clubmoss USDA HUSES |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Analgesic Poultice of the whole plant applied to the head for headaches. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 18 |
| Hymenoclea sp. Burrobush |
Hualapai Other, Fuel Used as kindling to ignite sparks from the friction of fire sticks. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 47 |
| Hypericum ascyron L. Great St. Johnswort USDA HYAS80 |
Menominee Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Root, thought to be a 'specific,' used in the first stages of consumption. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 37, 38 |
| Hypericum ascyron L. Great St. Johnswort USDA HYAS80 |
Meskwaki Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound containing root used for consumption in the first stages. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 223 |
| Ipomoea leptophylla Torr. Bush Morningglory USDA IPLE |
Lakota Other, Fuel Roots used in place of matches. It is said that in olden days when there were no matches, they used to start a fire in the root, wrap it up and hang it outside. The fire would keep for seven months. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 43 |
| Juncus bufonius L. Toad Rush USDA JUBUB |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Infusion of plant taken as an emetic by runners. The runner drank about two quarts the first time, vomited, drank the same quantity and vomited again. The face and body were also washed with the liquid. This was done about three times during the week before the race. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 89 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Karok Drug, Unspecified Stems and leaves placed in the fire and the medicine man prayed over it. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Hopi Drug, Pediatric Aid Plant ashes rubbed on newborn baby. If upon growing up, the child misbehaves, he is taken at the request of the mother and held by some other woman in a blanket over a smoldering fire of juniper. He soon escapes, half suffocated, and supposedly a better and (probably) a wiser youngster. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Hopi Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood and tinder. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Isleta Other, Fuel Wood used in open ovens to produce very hot fires. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Keres, Western Other, Ceremonial Items Cedar wood fire smoke used to fumigate property of the deceased. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Keres, Western Other, Fuel Considered an important source of firewood for steady, even fires. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo Fiber, Building Material Wood used to make a canopy to protect a new born child from the sparks of the fire. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Fuel Bark used as tinder for making ceremonial fire with fire drill. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Lighting Bark used as a torch in the 'Fire Dance.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Tewa Drug, Pediatric Aid Plant ashes rubbed on newborn baby. If upon growing up, the child misbehaves, he is taken at the request of the mother and held by some other woman in a blanket over a smoldering fire of juniper. He soon escapes, half suffocated, and supposedly a better and (probably) a wiser youngster. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Tewa Other, Fuel Used largely for firewood. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 39 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Tewa Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood and tinder. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 330 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Tewa of Hano Other, Fuel Used largely for firewood. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 39 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Zuni Other, Fuel Wood used as a favorite firewood, but more importantly in ceremonies. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 93 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Zuni Other, Tools Shredded, fibrous bark used as tinder to ignite the fire sticks used for the New Year fire. The bark was also used to make firebrands carried by personators of certain gods. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 93 |
| Juniperus occidentalis Hook. Western Juniper USDA JUOCO |
Paiute Other, Lighting Bark wound around a stick & used as a torch to provide light and carry a fire to a new campsite. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
| Juniperus occidentalis Hook. Western Juniper USDA JUOCO |
Paiute Other, Tools Wood hearth board used as a base for a fire drill. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47 |
| Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little Utah Juniper USDA JUOS |
Havasupai Other, Fuel Crushed bark used as a 'slow match.' The crushed bark was twisted into a rope, tied at intervals with yucca and wrapped into a coil. The free end was set on fire and kept smoldering by blowing on it at intervals. Fire could be carried in this fashion from early dawn until noon. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
| Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little Utah Juniper USDA JUOS |
Havasupai Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 206 |
| Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little Utah Juniper USDA JUOS |
Hopi Drug, Other Misbehaving youngsters held in a blanket over a smoldering fire of plant. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 37 |
| Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little Utah Juniper USDA JUOS |
Hopi Other, Fuel Used for firewood. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 62 |
| Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. Rocky Mountain Juniper USDA JUSC2 |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of boughs taken or used as a wash for hives or sores. The informant said that she used a decoction of mashed boughs and Douglas fir to bathe her children when they had the 'seven year itch' and that it worked, but not as well as modern medicine. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 92 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Apache, Mescalero Other, Fuel Bark used as tinder for fire drills. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 43 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Hopi Drug, Pediatric Aid Plant smoke used to make child behave by holding the child over the fire. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 62, 63 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Branches made into a fagot and used by the personator of the Black God, owner of all fire. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Shredded bark carried by the dancers in the Fire Dance during the last night of the Mountain Chant. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Wood, struck by lightning, used as the two parts of the fire drill for the Night Chant. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
| Juniperus sp. Juniper Wood |
Navajo Other, Fuel Light bark used as tinder to catch the spark from the fire drill. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17 |
| Juniperus virginiana L. Eastern Redcedar USDA JUVIV |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Needles thrown into the fire and used as incense during prayers in the peyote meeting. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13 |
| Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana Eastern Redcedar USDA JUVIV |
Kiowa Other, Incense & Fragrance Needles thrown into the fire and used as incense during prayers in the peyote meeting. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13 |
| Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville Creosotebush USDA LATRT |
Kawaiisu Other, Tools Gumlike substance gathered into a ball, softened in fire and shaped into awl and knife handles. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 36 |
| Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n Marsh Labradortea USDA LEPAD |
Eskimo, Inuktitut Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood. Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 190 |
| Lens culinaris Medik. Lentil USDA LECU2 |
Papago Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 120 |