| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Tree used for eczema or skin troubles. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Special Food Fruits boiled until soft and eaten with oil at large feasts. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl, Southern Other, Cash Crop Fruits used as a common article of trade. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark taken for dysentery and diarrhea. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Blood Medicine Bark used as a 'blood purifier' and it 'puts something in your blood that cuts down the clots.' Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed bark applied to wounds. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used for ulcers. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for intestinal disorders. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Heart Medicine Bark used for the heart. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Internal Medicine Bark used for any internal ailment. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Internal Medicine Bark used for internal organs. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Laxative Bark of larger trees used as a laxative. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Orthopedic Aid Used for fractures. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Panacea Bark used for any illness and considered a complete medicine, all in itself. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Leaves chewed for lung trouble. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Soaked leaves chewed for lung trouble. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tonic Infusion of bark used as a tonic. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tonic Used as a tonic. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Used for tuberculosis. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Unspecified Bark used to make the most popular and healing medicine. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Fruit Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Fruit Ripe fruit used for food. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Preserves Ripe fruit used to make jelly. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark taken for coughs. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Dietary Aid Infusion of bark taken for losing weight. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark taken for 'any kind of sickness.' Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Tonic Bark and roots used as a tonic for young men in training. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Tonic Used as a tonic to 'repair the damage done by the elder' during puberty rites. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Food, Forage Fruits eaten by grouse. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Other, Hunting & Fishing Item V-shaped branches used as gaffs for salmon. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Other, Tools Wood used to make digging sticks. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Drug, Oral Aid Bark chewed by hunters to suppress thirst. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Fruit boiled and stored under grease in special boxes for future use. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Overripe fruit cooked with sugar and eaten. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Other, Cooking Tools Wood used to make spoons. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of bark taken for lung trouble. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion used for gonorrhea. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make seal spear prongs and as bait lure on sea bass hooks. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Other, Tools Wood used to make mauls for driving stakes. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Analgesic Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.' Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.' Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of bark used as an eyewash. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Food, Fruit Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Saanich Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark and wild cherry bark taken as a cure all tonic. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Salish, Coast Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Salish, Coast Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make halibut hooks, bows and fishing floats. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |