| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Haisla Drug, Tonic Bark and other plants used as a tonic. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Haisla Drug, Unspecified Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.' Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Hanaksiala Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for stomach ulcers. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Hanaksiala Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhoids. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Kitasoo Drug, Unspecified Decoction of bark used medicinally. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Nitinaht Drug, Internal Medicine Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for colds. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for coughs. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of bark used for gonorrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of bark, spruce bark and tamarack bark used for gonorrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Adjuvant Inner bark used as a seasoner for medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Analgesic Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Unspecified Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Micmac Drug, Antidiarrheal Buds, cones and inner bark used for diarrhea. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Micmac Drug, Venereal Aid Bark used for gonorrhea and buds used as a laxative. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Montagnais Drug, Dietary Aid Inner bark grated and eaten to benefit the diet. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 313 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Eye Medicine Liquid balsam from bark blister used for sore eyes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Cold Remedy Bark gum taken for chest soreness from colds. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark gum applied to cuts and sores. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Diaphoretic Decoction of bark used to induce sweating. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Venereal Aid Bark gum taken for gonorrhea. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark taken for 'consumption and other internal affections.' Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Paiute Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Shoshoni Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Washo Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for stomach trouble. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Throat Aid Compound of gum from bark blisters warmed and taken for sore throat. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for tuberculosis. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of compound containing bark applied for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of compound containing bark applied to boils or ulcers. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Kwakiutl Drug, Tonic Infusion of bark taken as a tonic to stay young and strong. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Nitinaht Drug, Internal Medicine Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Okanagon Drug, Cathartic Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Salish, Coast Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of pounded root bark used for falling hair and dandruff. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Shuswap Drug, Panacea Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis and other sickness. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Shuswap Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Thompson Drug, Cathartic Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of bark used as a wash for sore eyes and gum used in corners of eyes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462 |