| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Analgesic Decoction of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for stomach pain. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of root, leaves, branches and bark taken for 'cough from the lungs.' Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for stomach pain. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for heartburn. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for stomach pains. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for ulcers. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Bella Coola Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for lung cough. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark applied to wounds. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 302 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of barked procumbent stem or branch used for diarrhea. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 41 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of barked procumbent stem or branch used for sore chest from lung infections. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 41 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound infusion of bark taken for women's diseases. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 110 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Tonic Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Kwakiutl Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of wood and bark taken to purify the blood. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Kwakiutl Drug, Respiratory Aid Decoction of wood and bark taken for short breath. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Micmac Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Part of plant used for rheumatism and bark used for tuberculosis. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Micmac Drug, Orthopedic Aid Gum used for sprains and bark used for tuberculosis. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Micmac Drug, Tonic Stems used in a tonic and bark used for tuberculosis. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Micmac Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Root or bark used for consumption and stems used as a tonic. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark and needles taken for colds. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Tonic Infusion of bark and needles taken as a tonic before entering the sweathouse. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
| Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper USDA JUCOD |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark and needles taken for consumption. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18 |
| Juniperus communis var. montana Ait. Common Juniper USDA JUCOM2 |
Gitksan Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Boughs, red elder bark and cow parsnip roots used for evil witchcraft victims. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Isleta Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Infusion of cedar bark used for bathing and washing sore feet. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Keres, Western Drug, Dermatological Aid Chewed bark taken for or applied to spider bites. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Keres, Western Drug, Laxative Bark chewed as a laxative. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 48 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark highly prized as a medicine for burns. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Emetic Infusion of inner bark given to newborns 'to clean out impurities.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11, 12 |
| Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Oneseed Juniper USDA JUMO |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion of inner bark used as an emetic for newborn 'to clean out all impurities.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11, 12 |
| Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. Rocky Mountain Juniper USDA JUSC2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of sap used for the flu and colds. Five strips of bark each about five centimeters by ten centimeters were boiled in about two liters of water in order to obtain the sap. Only bark from the bottom part of the tree could be used. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19 |
| Juniperus virginiana L. Eastern Redcedar USDA JUVIV |
Rappahannock Drug, Other Infusion of bark taken for summer complaint (summer cholera). Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30 |
| Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola (Small) J. Silba Southern Redcedar USDA JUVIS |
Seminole Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of leaves and bark taken and steam inhaled for runny nose, stuffy head and sore throat. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola (Small) J. Silba Southern Redcedar USDA JUVIS |
Seminole Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves and bark taken and steam inhaled for coughs. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Kalmia angustifolia L. Sheep Laurel USDA KAAN |
Abnaki Drug, Nose Medicine Powdered leaves mixed with bark from another plant and used as snuff for nasal inflammation. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 170 |
| Lactuca canadensis L. Canada Lettuce USDA LACA |
Iroquois Drug, Analgesic Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for back pain. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478 |
| Lactuca canadensis L. Canada Lettuce USDA LACA |
Iroquois Drug, Eye Medicine Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for dark circles and puffy eyes. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478 |
| Lactuca canadensis L. Canada Lettuce USDA LACA |
Iroquois Drug, Kidney Aid Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for kidney trouble. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478 |
| Lactuca canadensis L. Canada Lettuce USDA LACA |
Iroquois Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for back pain. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478 |
| Larix americana USDA LALA |
Micmac Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled inner bark applied to sores and swellings. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 317 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Abnaki Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of plant and bark from another plant used for coughs. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Abnaki Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark and roots from other plants taken for persistent coughs. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Cough Medicine Needles and inner bark used for cough medicine. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 127 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Disinfectant Poultice of needles and inner bark applied to infections. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 127 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 63 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Chippewa Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of bark taken for anemic conditions. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Chippewa Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of chopped inner bark applied to burns. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 352 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction used as a wash & poultice of boiled inner bark and wood applied to frostbite or deep cuts. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 41 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of warm, boiled inner bark applied to wounds to draw out infection. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 41 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Malecite Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark used for colds. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Malecite Drug, Strengthener Infusion of bark used for general debility. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249 |
| Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Tamarack USDA LALA |
Malecite Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark used for consumption. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249 |