| Bacopa caroliniana (Walt.) B.L. Robins. Blue Waterhyssop USDA BACA |
Seminole Drug, Sedative Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237 |
| Balsamorhiza deltoidea Nutt. Deltoid Balsamroot USDA BADE2 |
Kawaiisu Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of split roots taken for coughing. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 15 |
| Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. Arrowleaf Balsamroot USDA BASA3 |
Flathead Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of roots taken for whooping cough. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 20 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Mohegan Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves taken every half hour for coughs. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118 |
| Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. Garden Yellowrocket USDA BAVU |
Shinnecock Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves taken every half hour for coughs. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118 |
| Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch Alabama Supplejack USDA BESC |
Koasati Drug, Cough Medicine Cold infusion of burned stems taken as a cough medicine. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 40 |
| Betula papyrifera Marsh. Paper Birch USDA BEPAP |
Thompson Drug, Cough Medicine Sap tapped from trees in early spring and taken for coughs. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 189 |
| Boschniakia hookeri Walp. Vancouver Groundcone USDA BOHO |
Hesquiat Drug, Cough Medicine Roots used for coughs. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70 |
| Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Rattlesnake Fern USDA BOVI |
Iroquois Drug, Cough Medicine Cold infusion of root and liquor taken for the cough of consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261 |
| Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Rattlesnake Fern USDA BOVI |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Cold infusion of root and liquor taken for the cough of consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261 |
| Brassica napus L. Rape USDA BRNA |
Micmac Drug, Cough Medicine Bark used for coughs. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55 |
| Brickellia californica (Torr. & Gray) Gray California Brickellbush USDA BRCAC |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cough Medicine Cold infusion of leaves taken and used as lotion for cough or fever. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49 |
| Brickellia californica (Torr. & Gray) Gray California Brickellbush USDA BRCAC |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of leaves taken and used as lotion for cough or fever. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49 |
| Brickellia eupatorioides var. eupatorioides False Boneset USDA BREUE |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of root taken for old injury and cough. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52 |
| Brickellia eupatorioides var. eupatorioides False Boneset USDA BREUE |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Other Decoction of root taken for old injury or cough. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52 |
| Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn. Western Sweetshrub USDA CAOC5 |
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Expectorant Infusion of dried or fresh, peeled bark used to cough up the phlegm in the chest. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 109 |
| Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small American Bellflower USDA CAAM18 |
Iroquois Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of smashed roots taken for whooping cough. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 451 |
| Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small American Bellflower USDA CAAM18 |
Meskwaki Drug, Cough Medicine Leaves used for coughs. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 206 |
| Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. American Chestnut USDA CADE12 |
Cherokee Drug, Cough Medicine Compound decoction of leaves used as cough syrup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 29 |
| Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. American Chestnut USDA CADE12 |
Mohegan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of leaves taken for whooping cough. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 71, 128 |
| Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. American Chestnut USDA CADE12 |
Mohegan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of leaves used for whooping cough. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 265 |
| Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. Scarlet Indian Paintbrush USDA CAMIM5 |
Gitksan Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of seeds taken for coughs. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Ceanothus americanus L. New Jersey Tea USDA CEAM |
Menominee Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of root taken for cough with a 'tendency to consumption.' Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130 |
| Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Jersey Tea USDA CEHE |
Chippewa Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of root taken as a cough remedy. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340 |
| Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook. Snowbrush Ceanothus USDA CEVEV4 |
Modesse Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves taken for coughs. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
| Celastrus scandens L. American Bittersweet USDA CESC |
Cherokee Drug, Cough Medicine Root chewed for cough. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25 |
| Cercis canadensis L. Eastern Redbud USDA CECAC |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of bark given for whooping cough. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52 |
| Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CELEL |
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction or infusion of dried bark or leaves taken for colds and coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53-55 |
| Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CELEL |
Paiute Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of bark or infusion of bark or leaves taken for coughs and colds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53-55 |
| Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CELEL |
Shoshoni Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of bark taken for coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53-55 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Kawaiisu Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of roots used for coughing. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 18 |
| Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn. Douglas' Dustymaiden USDA CHDOD |
Paiute Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of plant or leaves taken for coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 55, 56 |
| Chamaebatia foliolosa Benth. Sierran Mountain Misery USDA CHFO |
Miwok Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of leaves taken for coughs. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 168 |
| Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium Fireweed USDA CHANA2 |
Abnaki Drug, Cough Medicine Roots used for coughs. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154 |
| Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart. Pipsissewa USDA CHUMC2 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Antihemorrhagic Decoction of plant taken for coughing up blood. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 35 |
| Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart. Pipsissewa USDA CHUMC2 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Antihemorrhagic Infusion or decoction of plant with other species used for coughing up blood. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 35 |
| Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. Green Rabbitbrush USDA CHVIA4 |
Paiute Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of young growth taken for coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 57, 58 |
| Collinsia violacea Nutt. Violet Blue Eyed Mary USDA COVI2 |
Creek Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of root taken for colds, coughs, consumption and whooping cough. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 667 |
| Collinsia violacea Nutt. Violet Blue Eyed Mary USDA COVI2 |
Natchez Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of root taken for coughs. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 667 |
| Collinsia violacea Nutt. Violet Blue Eyed Mary USDA COVI2 |
Natchez Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of roots taken for coughs. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56 |
| Collinsia violacea Nutt. Violet Blue Eyed Mary USDA COVI2 |
Natchez Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of root taken for consumption and whooping cough. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 667 |
| Conyza canadensis var. canadensis Canadian Horseweed USDA COCAC3 |
Seminole Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of leaves and bark taken and steam inhaled for coughs. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Threeleaf Goldthread USDA COTR2 |
Abnaki Drug, Cough Medicine Used for coughs. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Chippewa Drug, Cough Medicine Inner bark used as a cough remedy. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Iroquois Drug, Cough Medicine Compound decoction of bark taken for coughing. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 407 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Compound decoction of bark taken as an emetic, especially for coughs. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 407 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Iroquois Drug, Respiratory Aid Decoction of bark taken to vomit for coughs or bronchial coughs. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 406 |
| Cornus canadensis L. Bunchberry Dogwood USDA COCA13 |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of whole plant taken for coughs. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 402 |
| Cornus sericea L. Redosier Dogwood USDA COSES |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of bark taken as an emetic for coughs. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |
| Cornus sericea L. Redosier Dogwood USDA COSES |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Emetic Decoction of bark taken as an emetic for coughs, colds and fevers. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |