| Salix interior Rowlee Sandbar Willow USDA SAIN3 |
Thompson Other, Fasteners Slender and tough stems used as withes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Salix interior Rowlee Sandbar Willow USDA SAIN3 |
Thompson Other, Stable Gear Bark used to weave saddle blankets. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498 |
| Salix interior Rowlee Sandbar Willow USDA SAIN3 |
Ute Fiber, Basketry Used in basketry. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Fiber, Basketry Split withes used to make baskets. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Fiber, Basketry Withes used to make baskets and water jugs. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 150 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Fiber, Basketry Withes used to make baskets to be sold. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 150 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Fiber, Building Material Split withes used as tipi and wickiup thatching. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Containers Withes used to make baskets and water jugs. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 150 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Cooking Tools Withes tied together and used to stir mush and other foods. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Toys & Games Split withes used to make the three dice and throwing sticks for the setdilth game. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Toys & Games Wood used to make the poles and hoops for the pole game. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Keres, Western Other, Ceremonial Items Branches made into prayer sticks. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 68 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Tewa Fiber, Basketry Used for basketry. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Zuni Fiber, Basketry Slender switches used to make baskets. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 81 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Zuni Fiber, Building Material Stems formerly used for filling between the house rafters. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 81 |
| Salix irrorata Anderss. Sandbar Willow USDA SAIR |
Zuni Other, Cooking Tools Eight or twelve willows trimmed at the ends, tied together & used for stirring fire toasted foods. The willows were used for stirring corn, popcorn and any other food toasted over a fire. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
California Indian Fiber, Cordage Inner bark used in spring to make rope. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 60 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Costanoan Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark or young leaves or decoction of flowers used for colds. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 21 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Costanoan Fiber, Basketry Shoots used in basketry. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Basketry Stems split for coiled baskets and as weft in twined baskets; unsplit as warps in twined baskets. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 61 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of leaves taken for diarrhea. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark used as a wash for the itch. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Diaphoretic Infusion of bark taken to cause sweating for any disease. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of bark taken for chills and fever. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark taken to cause sweating for any disease. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Cordage Tough, inner fiber formerly used to make garments. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Cordage Tough, inner fiber formerly used to make rope. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mendocino Indian Other, Smoke Plant Inner bark portions dried, powdered and used as substitutes for chewing tobacco. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mewuk Drug, Febrifuge Decoction of bark used for fevers. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 366 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Mewuk Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of bark used for measles. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 366 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Round Valley Indian Fiber, Building Material Branches used as thatching to provide shade around houses. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Round Valley Indian Other, Fuel Wood used for fuel. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Round Valley Indian Other, Protection Trees planted in circles and used to protect the dancers from the sun and wind. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331 |
| Salix lasiolepis Benth. Arroyo Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Shoshoni Fiber, Basketry Strands used to make baskets. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 445 |
| Salix lasiolepis var. lasiolepis Tracy Willow USDA SALAL2 |
Diegueno Fiber, Basketry Branches used to make acorn storage baskets. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 39 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Micmac Drug, Hemostat Bark used for bleeding. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Micmac Drug, Respiratory Aid Bark used for asthma. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Montagnais Drug, Analgesic Infusion of leaves taken and poultice of bark applied for headache. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Montagnais Other, Smoke Plant Dried bark smoked as a substitute for tobacco. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark used for sores and applied to bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemostat Bark used on bleeding cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 388 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Peeled, toasted and flaked bark used for kinnikinnick or smoking mixture. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
| Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow USDA SALUL2 |
Penobscot Drug, Respiratory Aid Bark smoked for asthma. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 309 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Bella Coola Drug, Antidiarrheal Cold infusion of charred, pulverized sticks taken for diarrhea. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Bella Coola Drug, Dermatological Aid Folded inner bark inserted in knife cuts and used for incisions. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Chehalis Fiber, Cordage Inner bark twisted and made into two-ply strings. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Cowlitz Other, Tools Wood used to make drills for fire drills. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Gosiute Fiber, Basketry Wood used to make baskets, fish weirs and water jugs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Gosiute Other, Containers Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
| Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr. Pacific Willow USDA SALUL |
Gosiute Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make fish weirs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |