| Linum lewisii Pursh Prairie Flax USDA LIPE2 |
Klamath Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems made into strings and cords used to make mats. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99 |
| Linum lewisii Pursh Prairie Flax USDA LIPE2 |
Klamath Fiber, Snow Gear Stem made into strings and cords used to make mesh on snowshoes. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99 |
| Linum lewisii Pursh Prairie Flax USDA LIPE2 |
Klamath Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Stems made into strings and cords used for weaving fish nets. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99 |
| Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Canby's Biscuitroot USDA LOCA4 |
Klamath Food, Dried Food Dried roots used for food. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
| Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Canby's Biscuitroot USDA LOCA4 |
Klamath Food, Porridge Mashed and boiled roots made into mush. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
| Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Canby's Biscuitroot USDA LOCA4 |
Modoc Food, Unspecified Roots used for food. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 102 |
| Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Canby's Biscuitroot USDA LOCA4 |
Paiute Food, Bread & Cake Peeled, mashed roots formed into cakes and allowed to dry, 'Indian bread.' Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 94 |
| Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose Cous Biscuitroot USDA LOCO4 |
Oregon Indian Food, Soup Roots and fish used to make stew. These roots were eaten at the first feast of the new year. This was called the Root Feast. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 12 |
| Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance Carrotleaf Biscuitroot USDA LODIM |
Oregon Indian Drug, Veterinary Aid Roots used in a wash for horse ticks and dandruff. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 49 |
| Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance Carrotleaf Biscuitroot USDA LODIM |
Oregon Indian Other, Hide Preparation Root used in tanning hides. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 55 |
| Lomatium grayi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Gray's Biscuitroot USDA LOGRG2 |
Paiute Food, Starvation Food Roots eaten when hungry in the winter. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 95 |
| Lomatium grayi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Gray's Biscuitroot USDA LOGRG2 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Tender, young stems eaten raw. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 95 |
| Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose Bigseed Biscuitroot USDA LOMA3 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Peeled roots eaten raw or baked. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 95 |
| Lomatium nevadense var. parishii (Coult. & Rose) Jepson Parish's Biscuitroot USDA LONEP |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Peeled roots eaten fresh like radishes. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 95 |
| Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose Barestem Biscuitroot USDA LONU2 |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Stem eaten raw like celery. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 96 |
| Lomatium piperi Coult. & Rose Indian Biscuitroot USDA LOPI |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Roots used for food. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 94 |
| Lomatium sp. Biscuit Root |
Oregon Indian Drug, Love Medicine Aromatic seeds carried by men as a love charm. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 57 |
| Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose Nineleaf Biscuitroot USDA LOTRT |
Paiute Other, Malicious Magic When broken, it brought the cold wind. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 96 |
| Lomatium watsonii (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose Watson's Desertparsley USDA LOWA |
Paiute Food, Winter Use Food Peeled roots dried for winter use, ground and boiled into a mush or used to flavor dried crickets. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 94 |
| Lonicera conjugialis Kellogg Purpleflower Honeysuckle USDA LOCO5 |
Klamath Food, Fruit Fresh berries used for food. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 104 |
| Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult. Peyote USDA LOWI |
Paiute Drug, Unspecified Plant used by one shaman for curing. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 91 |
| Lupinus sp. Lupine |
Paiute Food, Forage Plants used for horse and cattle food. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 86 |
| Madia glomerata Hook. Mountain Tarweed USDA MAGL2 |
Klamath Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 106 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Clallam Food, Fruit Sour berries used for food. Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Hoh Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of roots used as a blood remedy. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Hoh Food, Preserves Berries used to make jelly. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Klallam Dye, Unspecified Roots used to dye basketry material. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Klallam Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1927, Klallam Ethnography, Seattle. University of Washington Press, page 197 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Fruit Sour berries occasionally used for food. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Makah Dye, Yellow Roots or possibly the leaves used for yellow dye. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Makah Food, Preserves Fruit used to make preserves. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Laxative Used as a laxative. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Used with hemlock and alder as drink for tuberculosis. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Unspecified Bark used medicinally. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Nitinaht Dye, Yellow Bark scrapings steeped and used as a yellow dye. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Paiute Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of roots and leaves taken as a general tonic 'to make the blood good.' Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 72 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Paiute Drug, Hemostat Infusion of roots and leaves taken as a general tonic for nosebleeds. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 72 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Quileute Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of roots used as a blood remedy. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Quileute Food, Preserves Berries used to make jelly. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 61 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Salish, Coast Food, Preserves Berries used to make jelly. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 78 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of roots taken for venereal disease. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit Dye, Unspecified Roots used to dye basketry material. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit Food, Fruit Ripe berries formerly used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit Food, Preserves Ripe berries used to make jam. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit, Upper Food, Dried Food Berries pulped, dried and stored in cakes for winter use. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 37 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Skagit, Upper Food, Fruit Fruit eaten raw or mashed. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Snohomish Dye, Unspecified Roots used to dye basketry material. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Thompson Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark used as wash for arthritis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Thompson Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken for arthritis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |
| Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. Cascade Oregongrape USDA MANE2 |
Thompson Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken as a blood tonic. The woody stems were broken, the bark scraped off and boiling water was poured over it to make an infusion. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |