| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Alaska Native Food, Cooking Agent Used as a source of pectin for jelly making. Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 85 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Bella Coola Drug, Eye Medicine Compound decoction of bark or root used as an eyewash for soreness. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Bella Coola Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Chinook, Lower Food, Fruit Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Clallam Food, Fruit Fruit softened in baskets and eaten. Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 202 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Cowichan Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark and wild cherry bark taken as a cure all tonic. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Cowlitz Food, Fruit Fruits cooked, stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of trunk and branch or inner bark taken for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Dietary Aid Decoction of trunk, branches or inner bark taken as a 'fattening medicine.' Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Diuretic Decoction of trunk and branches or inner bark taken as a laxative and diuretic. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Eye Medicine Juice, scraped from peeled trunk, used as an eye medicine. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Laxative Decoction of trunk and branch or inner bark taken as a laxative and diuretic. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Gitksan Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of trunk and branch or inner bark taken for consumption. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Fruit eaten after a long day of hunting, 'kills poison in muscles.' Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Afterbirth of a child tied to a young tree to ensure the child would grow up strong. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Winter Use Food Fruit boiled and stored in the cooking water or oil for winter use. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Sticks used to strike rods of cedar to make noise while driving animals to be killed. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make bows. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Tools Wood used to make root digging sticks. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Other, Tools Wood used to make sledgehammer handles and mallet heads. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Hanaksiala Other, Cooking Tools Sticks used to retrieve special cooking stones used for cooking edible seaweed. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Hesquiat Food, Dried Food Sour fruit dried for future use. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Hesquiat Other, Tools Wood used to make axe handles. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Hoh Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion used for gonorrhea. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Hoh Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kitasoo Food, Special Food Fruit used as a food item associated with ceremonial situations. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kitasoo Food, Winter Use Food Fruit stored in water and topped with mammal or fish grease or oil. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Klallam Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of bark used as an eyewash. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl Drug, Antihemorrhagic Shredded bark used for blood spitting. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Tree used for eczema or skin troubles. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Special Food Fruits boiled until soft and eaten with oil at large feasts. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Kwakiutl, Southern Other, Cash Crop Fruits used as a common article of trade. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 290 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark taken for dysentery and diarrhea. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Blood Medicine Bark used as a 'blood purifier' and it 'puts something in your blood that cuts down the clots.' Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed bark applied to wounds. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used for ulcers. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for intestinal disorders. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Heart Medicine Bark used for the heart. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Internal Medicine Bark used for any internal ailment. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Internal Medicine Bark used for internal organs. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Laxative Bark of larger trees used as a laxative. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Orthopedic Aid Used for fractures. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Panacea Bark used for any illness and considered a complete medicine, all in itself. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Leaves chewed for lung trouble. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Soaked leaves chewed for lung trouble. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tonic Infusion of bark used as a tonic. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tonic Used as a tonic. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Used for tuberculosis. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Drug, Unspecified Bark used to make the most popular and healing medicine. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |