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Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Gitksan Drug, Pulmonary Aid
Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage.
Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Green River Group Drug, Cold Remedy
Decoction of needles taken for colds.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Hesquiat Drug, Dermatological Aid
Blister pitch mixed with oil rubbed on the hair and scalp because it smelled nice.
Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Hesquiat Drug, Dermatological Aid
Blister pitch mixed with oil rubbed on the scalp to prevent the hair from falling out.
Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Hesquiat Fiber, Clothing
Boughs used by wolf dancers as decorative clothing.
Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Hesquiat Other, Incense & Fragrance
Fragrant boughs placed under bedding as an incense.
Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Karok Drug, Tonic
Infusion of needles taken as a tonic.
Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Ceremonial Medicine
Branches and pollen used in purification rites and ceremonies.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Cough Medicine
Decoction of pitch taken for coughs and tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid
Pitch and grease eaten or rubbed on sores and boils.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Laxative
Decoction of pitch taken as a tonic and laxative.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Laxative
Pitch and catfish oil taken for constipation.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Oral Aid
Root held in the mouth for gum boils and canker sores.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Tonic
Infusion of bark taken as a tonic to stay young and strong.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Kwakiutl Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Decoction of pitch taken or pitch rubbed on chest and back for tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Nitinaht Drug, Internal Medicine
Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Nitinaht Drug, Unspecified
Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Nitinaht Food, Candy
Hardened pitch chewed for pleasure.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Nitinaht Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Nitinaht Other, Incense & Fragrance
Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Cough Medicine
Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid
Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid
Needles dried, powdered, mixed with marrow and used to scent the hair and keep from going bald.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dietary Aid
Pitch taken for a loss of appetite.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Pitch taken for ulcers.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gland Medicine
Pitch mixed with deer marrow and applied externally each evening for goiter.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Other
Branch tips chewed for allergies caused by water hemlock.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Strengthener
Pitch taken for a general feeling of weakness.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Pitch taken for consumption.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagan-Colville Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Boughs used as a bedding base in the sweathouse.
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagon Drug, Cathartic
Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic.
Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Okanagon Drug, Eye Medicine
Gum used for sore eyes.
Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Paiute Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Boughs used on the floor of sweathouses and for beds.
Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 44
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Saanich Drug, Dermatological Aid
Pitch made into a salve and used for cuts and bruises.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Saanich Drug, Dermatological Aid
Pitch mixed with venison suet and used for psoriasis and other skin diseases.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Salish, Coast Drug, Dermatological Aid
Infusion of pounded root bark used for falling hair and dandruff.
Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice of soft pitch applied to sores.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Drug, Panacea
Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis and other sickness.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Drug, Toothache Remedy
Hard pitch chewed to clean the teeth.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Food, Beverage
Gum from inside the bark, next to the trunk, made into a drink.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Shuswap Food, Candy
Gum from inside the bark, next to the trunk, chewed.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Cathartic
Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Cold Remedy
Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine
Decoction of bark used as a wash for sore eyes and gum used in corners of eyes.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine
Gum used for sore eyes.
Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Panacea
Infusion of boughs taken for any illness.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Panacea
Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Pediatric Aid
Branches thought to be of help to young girl under 'magical spell.'
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 509