| Mentzelia albicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray Whitestem Blazingstar USDA MEAL6 |
Tubatulabal Food, Unspecified Used extensively for food. Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 15 |
| Mentzelia involucrata S. Wats. Whitebract Blazingstar USDA MEINI |
Cahuilla Food, Porridge Parched seeds ground into flour and used to make mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 88 |
| Mentzelia involucrata S. Wats. Whitebract Blazingstar USDA MEINI |
Kawaiisu Other, Toys & Games Leaves thrown by children at one another because they stick and were hard to remove. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41 |
| Mentzelia pumila Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray Dwarf Mentzelia USDA MEPUP |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Laxative Powdered roots used for constipation. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158 |
| Mentzelia veatchiana Kellogg Whitestem Blazingstar USDA MEVE5 |
Cahuilla Food, Porridge Parched seeds ground into flour and used to make mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 88 |
| Mentzelia veatchiana Kellogg Whitestem Blazingstar USDA MEVE5 |
Kawaiisu Drug, Burn Dressing Pounded seeds made into a salve and rubbed on burned skin. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41 |
| Mentzelia veatchiana Kellogg Whitestem Blazingstar USDA MEVE5 |
Kawaiisu Food, Preserves Seeds parched and ground into a 'peanut butter' like substance. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41 |
| Mentzelia veatchiana Kellogg Whitestem Blazingstar USDA MEVE5 |
Kawaiisu Food, Winter Use Food Seeds stored for future use. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41 |
| Morus alba L. White Mulberry USDA MOAL |
Cherokee Drug, Anthelmintic Infusion of bark taken for worms. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45 |
| Morus alba L. White Mulberry USDA MOAL |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark taken to 'check dysentery.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45 |
| Morus alba L. White Mulberry USDA MOAL |
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic Infusion of bark used as a purgative. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45 |
| Morus alba L. White Mulberry USDA MOAL |
Cherokee Drug, Laxative Infusion of bark taken as a laxative. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45 |
| Morus alba L. White Mulberry USDA MOAL |
Cherokee Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground and used to make bread and pones. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Fodder Plant used for hay. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Porridge Seeds ground, mixed with meal and water and eaten as mush. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Cash Crop Plant gathered and sold. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. Deergrass USDA MURI2 |
Shoshoni Fiber, Sewing Material Grass used as thread, very white, long and fine. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 8 |
| Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. Coyote Tobacco USDA NIAT |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant smoked in the medicine ceremonies. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158 |
| Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. Sacahuista USDA NOMI |
Keresan Fiber, Basketry Used to make baskets. White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 559 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Chippewa Drug, Oral Aid Dried, pulverized root put in the mouth for sores. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Cold Remedy Leaves used for colds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Cough Medicine Juice of root taken for coughs. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 317 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled root applied to swellings. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 317 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Gland Medicine Roots used for suppurating glands and leaves used for colds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Leaves used for grippe. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Micmac Drug, Orthopedic Aid Leaves used for limb swellings and colds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Ojibwa Drug, Cough Medicine Root used as a cough medicine for tuberculosis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 376 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Ojibwa Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Root used as a cough medicine for tuberculosis. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 376 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Buds eaten before opening. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 407 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Poison Roots considered poisonous. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Toothache Remedy Stems placed directly on the tooth for toothaches. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Penobscot Drug, Dermatological Aid Compound poultice of mashed leaves applied to limb swellings. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310 |
| Nymphaea odorata Ait. American White Waterlily USDA NYODO |
Potawatomi Drug, Unspecified Poultice of pounded root used for unspecified ailments. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 65 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Apache Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 17 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Sauce & Relish Seeds ground and made into a gravy. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 45 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Soup Seeds boiled in soups. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 45 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Special Food Fruit chewed as a delicacy without preparation. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 45 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Hopi Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Used to ward out the cold through prayer. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 336 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Flower used ceremonially as the 'white flower.' Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 336 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Hopi Other, Decorations Flowers used by marriageable maids in their hair on holidays. Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 16 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Hopi Other, Smoke Plant Plant used for tobacco. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 336 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Keres, Western Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of plant used for swellings. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Dried flowers used as ceremonial medicine. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Dried flowers used as ceremonial medicine. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37, 38 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of root taken and used as a lotion for strain from carrying heavy load. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Panacea Decoction of root taken and used as a lotion for muscle strain, a 'life medicine.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Panacea Root used as a 'life medicine.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37, 38 |
| Oenothera albicaulis Pursh Whitest Eveningprimrose USDA OEAL |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Throat Aid Compound poultice of plant applied for 'throat trouble.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37 |