| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Blackfoot Drug, Throat Aid Pounded, dry root chewed for sore throat. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 38 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Blackfoot Food, Unspecified Plant boiled and eaten. McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Coeur d'Alene Food, Vegetable Roots used as a principle vegetable food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 88 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Flathead Drug, Breast Treatment Roots eaten for increased milk flow after childbirth. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Flathead Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of roots taken for increased milk flow after childbirth. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Flathead Drug, Heart Medicine Infusion of roots taken for heart pain. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Flathead Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of roots taken for pleurisy pain. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Kutenai Food, Cooking Agent Roots steamed and used to thicken gravy. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Kutenai Food, Dessert Roots steamed, added to camas bulbs and eaten as a 'sweet treat.' Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Kutenai Food, Dried Food Roots dried, stored and used for food. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Kutenai Food, Unspecified Roots used for food as the most important root crop. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Roots boiled or steamed and eaten plain, mixed with berries or added to meat or bone marrow. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Small pieces of bitter root steeped, boiled in water and eaten. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Nez Perce Drug, Blood Medicine Plant used for impure blood. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Nez Perce Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of roots taken for increased milk flow after childbirth. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Nez Perce Drug, Gynecological Aid Roots eaten for increased milk flow after childbirth. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of raw roots applied to sores. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid Raw roots eaten for poison ivy rashes. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Dried or fresh roots eaten for diabetes. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Witchcraft Medicine 'Hearts' used in some type of witchcraft. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Dried Food Roots peeled and dried for future use. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Unspecified Fresh or dried roots steamed or boiled and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Cash Crop Roots formerly an important article of trade. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagon Food, Staple Roots used as a principle food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagon Food, Unspecified Roots used as an important food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 237 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagon Food, Winter Use Food Steamed or boiled and used as a winter food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 36 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagon Other, Cash Crop Roots traded to the Lower Thompson for dried salmon. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 479 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Okanagon Other, Cash Crop Traded with other tribes for dried salmon and other items. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 36 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Oregon Indian, Warm Springs Food, Unspecified Roots used for food. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Paiute Food, Dried Food Roots dried and used for food. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Roots boiled 'like macaroni.' Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Paiute Food, Winter Use Food Roots peeled and dried for winter use and boiled and eaten with salmon. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 70 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Roots peeled, boiled or roasted and eaten without grinding. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Paiute, Northern Food, Vegetable Leaves boiled like spinach and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Porridge Roots mixed with service berries, grease or fat added and boiled into a congealed mass. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 100 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Shuswap Food, Unspecified Roots cooked with service berries. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 65 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Spokan Food, Unspecified Roots used for food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Bread & Cake Roots used as an ingredient in fruit cake. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Dried Food Peeled roots dried loose or large roots stored on strings for future use. The roots were dried on strings in order to determine the market value or trade worth. The dried roots were eaten with saskatoon berries and salmon eggs. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Pie & Pudding Roots cooked with black tree lichen, dough and fresh salmon and made into a pudding. Sometimes the roots were cooked with black tree lichen, fermented salmon eggs, yellow avalanche lily corms, saskatoon berries and deer fat to make a similar kind of pudding. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Special Food Dried roots cooked in soups such as fish head soup, but only served on special occasions. Because the roots were so valuable, they were only served on special occasions. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Fleshy taproot eaten. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 479 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Fresh roots pit cooked or boiled in watertight baskets using red hot stones. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Roots used as an important food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 237 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Used as an important food. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 478 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Food, Winter Use Food Steamed or boiled and used as a winter food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 36 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Other, Cash Crop Strung, dried roots used as a trade item. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Other, Cash Crop Traded with other tribes for dried salmon and other items. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 36 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson Other, Plant Indicator Presence of plant indicated the growth of another plant type. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 243 |
| Lewisia rediviva Pursh Oregon Bitterroot USDA LERER |
Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) Other, Cash Crop Fleshy taproot traded to the Lower Thompson band. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 479 |