| Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Eastern Cottonwood USDA PODED |
Kiowa Other, Ceremonial Items Used to make smoke sticks for the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 19 |
| Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Eastern Cottonwood USDA PODED |
Montana Indian Other, Smoke Plant Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Preservative Dry, rotted wood used to make a fire to smoke cure whitefish and moose meat. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Plant smoked ceremonially. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Montana Indian Other, Smoke Plant Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.' Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Tanana, Upper Food, Preservative Wood used to smoke fish. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Tanana, Upper Other, Smoke Plant Wood ashes mixed with tobacco and used for chewing tobacco. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5 |
| Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. Western Chokecherry USDA PRVID |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Dried, pulverized bark smoked for headache or headcold. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 123124 |
| Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. Western Chokecherry USDA PRVID |
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of peeled bark or root taken for colds and bark smoked for headcolds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 123124 |
| Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr. Western Chokecherry USDA PRVID |
Paiute, Northern Other, Smoke Plant Berries mashed, made into little cakes, dried and used like chewing tobacco. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
| Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium Rabbit Tobacco USDA PSOBO |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Smoked for asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 51, 52 |
| Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium Rabbit Tobacco USDA PSOBO |
Menominee Drug, Stimulant Leaf smoke blown into nostrils to revive one who had fainted. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 30 |
| Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium Rabbit Tobacco USDA PSOBO |
Rappahannock Drug, Respiratory Aid Infusion of dried stems or dried leaves smoked in a pipe for asthma. Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 29 |
| Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. Slimflower Scurfpea USDA PSTE5 |
Navajo Other, Smoke Plant Leaves smoked by the masker after the feast celebrating the completion of masks for the Night Chant. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 58 |
| Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. Slimflower Scurfpea USDA PSTE5 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Infusion of plant taken or leaves smoked for influenza. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 34 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Cathartic Infusion of bark taken as a physic. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark taken for light colds. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of brush taken for the flu. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of brush taken for pneumonia. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of brush taken for sore throats. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Decoction of stem taken for muscular pain and stem chewed for facial neuralgia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Analgesic Decoction of stems taken for stomachaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Antidiarrheal Strong infusion of plant taken for diarrhea. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Hot decoction of plant used as a wash for rheumatism. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Cold Remedy Plant used in a variety of ways for colds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Cough Medicine Plant used in a variety of ways for coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Dermatological Aid Powdered, dried stems or crushed fresh stems used for sores. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Disinfectant Simple or compound decoction of stems and tops used as an antiseptic bath for measles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Disinfectant Simple or compound decoction of stems and tops used as an antiseptic bath for smallpox. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Diuretic Decoction of plant tops taken to induce urination. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of plant taken for stomachaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Kidney Aid Compound decoction of stems and tops taken for kidney ailments. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of plant taken and used as an antiseptic wash for measles. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of plant used as an antiseptic wash for smallpox. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of stems taken for influenza. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Orthopedic Aid Infusion of plant taken for muscular pains. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Plant used in several ways for pneumonia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Sweetened decoction of stems taken for whooping cough. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Toothache Remedy Stems chewed for toothache or face neuralgia. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Plant used in several ways for tuberculosis. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Paiute Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of plant taken for venereal diseases. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Analgesic Decoction of plant tops taken for pains in the back over the kidneys. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Analgesic Decoction of stems taken for stomachaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Antidiarrheal Strong infusion of plant taken for diarrhea. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Cold Remedy Plant used in a variety of ways for colds. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Cough Medicine Plant used in a variety of ways for coughs. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Disinfectant Simple or compound decoction of stems and tops used as an antiseptic bath for smallpox. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of plant taken for stomachaches. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Kidney Aid Simple or compound decoction of plant tops used for kidney pain and urine incontinence. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |
| Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius Nevada Smokebush USDA PSPOP |
Shoshoni Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of stems taken for influenza. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66 |